Quiz 6 Flashcards
What function does ATP play
Energy currency
What is the major energy molecule in cells
Atp
What are enzymes made of?
Proteins
What do enzymes do?
They’re biological catalyst that perform chemical reactions
How do enzymes affect Chemical reactions
They lower the activation energy needed to transition. Actant into products
What is the overall effect of an enzyme on chemical reactions
It makes the chemical reaction happen faster
What does the activation energy represent
The space it takes to get to transition state
What does the transition state represent
Where the reactance change to products
What can be illustrated using an energy diagram
Extra Gonic and enderGonic reaction
What is a substrate?
The reactants
What is the relationship between a substrate and an enzyme
The substrate binds to an enzyme
Where does an enzyme bind the substrate
Enzymes active point
What is a substrate
The reactants
What are cofactors
Non-protein components
What is the role of a cofactor
To assist enzymes in performing their chemical reaction
What are the two types of cofactors
Coenzymes and metal ions
What are coenzymes
Large, complex organic cofactors
How are coenzymes used?
Not tightly bound, can be used by multiple enzymes
What are metal ions?
Small, simple inorganic cofactors
How are metal ions used
Usually tightly bound, semi-permanent component of the enzyme.
What are the “things” that can impact enzyme activity
Presence/absence of cofactors; temp.; pH; presence of inhibitiors; substrate concentration
What effect does desaturation have in enzyme activity?
Enzyme unfolds, active site loses shape, activity decreases
What does desaturation mean?
The enzyme isn’t its original state
What are the two types of inhibitors
Competitive and non competitive
How does a competitive inhibitor work?
Resembles the substrate (external regulation)
Why does a competitive inhibitor bind at the active site?
To block the substrate access
How does a competitive inhibitor decrease enzyme activity?
It blocks it
How does a no competitive inhibitor work?
Doesn’t resemble the substrate (internal regulation)
Where does a non competitive inhibitor bind? Why does it bind here?
At the allocate tic site causing the active site to change shape
What effect does inhibitor binding to the allosteric site have on the active site?
Changes shape so substrate can no longer bind
In feedback inhibition what does the inhibiting?
The final product of a biochemical pathway
How does the inhibitor work?
To prevent its own production
What effect does saturation have on enzyme activity?
As you increase s.c. More products can be generated
What does saturation mean?
Refers to having more substrates than available active sites
What is the overall balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
6⃣O2+C6H12O6-> 6⃣CO2+6⃣H2O
What is the role of feedback inhibition inside cells?
To plateau
Which organelle is needed for aerobic respiration?
Mitochondria
Does aerobic respiration produce or consume energy?
Produce
How much atp for AR
30
What is the overall balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis
6⃣CO2+6⃣H2O+ energy -> C6H12O6 + 6⃣O2
What organelle is needed for photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
Does photosynthesis produce or consume energy?
Consume
Home much atp for photo
18
Group following terms
Catabolic Degradative Breaking down Hydrolysis Exergonic Spontaneous
Group
Anabolic biosynthetic Building up Dehydration Endergonic Non-spontaneous
One thing going to many
Degradative
Big to small
Breaking down
Non polar to polar
Exergonic
High to low
Catabolic
Order to disorder
Spontaneous
Oxidation
Loss of electrons
Reduction
Gain of electrons
How can hydrogen and O be used to determine oxidation
Loss of H gain of O
How canH and O be used to determine reduction
Gain of H loss of O
What does a redox couple refer to?
The electron do or is oxidized and the electron acceptor is reduced
What are the 3 steps of aerobic respiration?
- Glycosis
- TCA cycle
- Electron transport chain
What is the significance of the consumption of 2 ATP during glycosis
Goes towards the 30 ATP
How many ATP are produced during glycolysis?
2
What happenss to NAD+ during glycolysis?
They reaction it changes to NADH
