Quiz 5 - Emergency Medicine & Airway Management / Ventilation Flashcards
A 5-mL prefilled syringe of lidocaine contains 100 mg. How many mg/mL are present?
A. 30
B. 10
C. 50
D. 20
D. 20
The correct dose of IV dextrose for an adult is:
A. 100 mL of a 50% solution.
B. 2 to 4 g/kg of a 50% solution.
C. 500 mg/kg of a 25% solution.
D. 12.5 to 25 g of a 50% solution.
D. 12.5 to 25 g of a 50% solution.
A patient with orthopnea:
A. awakens at night with dyspnea.
B. has dyspnea while lying flat.
C. has blood-tinged sputum.
D. is breathing through pursed lips.
B. has dyspnea while lying flat.
If a particular treatment is in an “indeterminate” class, this means that:
A. scientific evidence has concluded that the treatment may be considered for select conditions.
B. extensive research has concluded that the treatment has a greater potential to cause harm.
C. there is not enough scientific evidence to make a recommendation for or against the treatment.
D. preliminary research has indicated that it would be reasonable to administer the treatment.
C. there is not enough scientific evidence to make a recommendation for or against the treatment.
Compared to mouth-to-mouth ventilation, mouth-to-mask ventilation is more advantageous in that it:
A. can be used in conjunction with supplemental oxygen.
B. is less likely to result in hyperventilation of the rescuer.
C. carries a lower risk of gastric distention and vomiting.
D. allows greater tidal volume to be delivered to the patient.
A. can be used in conjunction with supplemental oxygen.
The King LT-D airway features a:
A. port through which gastric contents can be suctioned from the stomach.
B. universal size with two inflation ports and is used for patients of any age.
C. straight tube with two inflatable cuffs that hold an equal amount of air.
D. curved tube with ventilation ports located between two inflatable cuffs.
D. curved tube with ventilation ports located between two inflatable cuffs.
Diazepam and midazolam provide all of the following therapeutic effects, EXCEPT:
A. retrograde amnesia.
B. analgesia.
C. anxiolysis.
D. sedation.
B. analgesia.
Poor lung compliance during your initial attempt to ventilate an unconscious, apneic adult should be treated by:
A. reopening the airway and reattempting to ventilate.
B. administering 15 subdiaphragmatic thrusts at once.
C. performing 30 chest compressions and reassessing.
D. sweeping the patient’s mouth with your fingers.
A. reopening the airway and reattempting to ventilate.
If intubation of a child is unsuccessful after two attempts, your MOST appropriate action is to:
A. have your partner attempt to intubate as you apply gentle posterior pressure to the cricoid cartilage.
B. discontinue attempts to intubate, ventilate the child with a bag-mask device, and transport immediately.
C. insert a multilumen airway device and confirm placement by means of auscultation of breath sounds and capnography.
D. turn the child on his or her side, apply manual pressure to the epigastrium to relieve distension, and reattempt intubation.
B. discontinue attempts to intubate, ventilate the child with a bag-mask device, and transport immediately.
The use of capnography in patients with prolonged cardiac arrest may be limited because:
A. the paramedic often ventilates the patient too slowly.
B. of acidosis and minimal carbon dioxide elimination.
C. of an excess buildup of nitrogen in the blood.
D. metabolic alkalosis damages the colorimetric paper.
B. of acidosis and minimal carbon dioxide elimination.
After opening an unresponsive patient’s airway, you determine that his respirations are rapid, irregular, and shallow. You should:
A. intubate him at once.
B. begin positive-pressure ventilations.
C. apply a nonrebreathing mask.
D. suction his mouth for 15 seconds.
B. begin positive-pressure ventilations.
Pralidoxime (2-PAM) reverses the effects of organophosphate poisoning by:
A. increasing vagal tone.
B. deactivating cholinesterase.
C. reactivating cholinesterase.
D. blocking the vagus nerve.
C. reactivating cholinesterase.
A 50-year-old woman presents with acute respiratory distress while eating. Upon your arrival, you note that she is conscious, coughing, and wheezing between coughs. Further assessment reveals that her skin is pink and moist. In addition to transporting her to the hospital, you should:
A. deliver positive-pressure ventilations via bag-mask device.
B. look in her mouth and attempt to visualize a foreign body.
C. perform abdominal thrusts until she becomes unconscious.
D. encourage her to cough and closely monitor her condition.
D. encourage her to cough and closely monitor her condition.
Nitroglycerin is indicated for patients with __________ chest pain.
A. somatic
B. ischemic
C. pleuritic
D. traumatic
B. ischemic
If it is reasonable to administer a particular treatment to a patient, the American Heart Association assigns the treatment a class:
A. I.
B. III.
C. IIb.
D. IIa.
D. IIa.
An 8-year-old child in cardiac arrest has been intubated. When ventilating the child, the paramedic should:
A. deliver 8 to 10 breaths per minute.
B. observe for full chest expansion.
C. allow partial exhalation between breaths.
D. deliver one breath every 15 seconds.
A. deliver 8 to 10 breaths per minute.
In contrast to negative-pressure ventilation, positive-pressure ventilation:
A. may impair blood return to the heart.
B. causes decreased intrathoracic pressure.
C. is the act of normal, unassisted breathing.
D. moves air into the esophagus and trachea
A. may impair blood return to the heart.
Following ET intubation, the ideal time to attach the capnography T-piece is:
A. after auscultating the lungs and epigastrium.
B. when the bag is attached to the ET tube.
C. after 6 to 8 positive pressure breaths.
D. immediately after removing the stylet
B. when the bag is attached to the ET tube.
After properly positioning the patient’s head for intubation, you should open his or her mouth and insert the blade:
A. into the right side of the mouth and sweep the tongue to the left.
B. in the midline of the mouth and gently sweep the tongue to the left.
C. into the left side of the mouth and move the blade to the midline.
D. in the midline of the mouth and gently lift upward on the tongue.
A. into the right side of the mouth and sweep the tongue to the left.
Biot respirations are characterized by:
A. increased respirations followed by apneic periods.
B. deep, gasping respirations that are often rapid but may be slow.
C. slow, shallow irregular respirations or occasional gasping breaths.
D. an irregular pattern of breathing with intermittent periods of apnea.
D. an irregular pattern of breathing with intermittent periods of apnea.
Ondansetron hydrochloride (Zofran) prevents nausea and vomiting by:
A. stimulating histamine receptors.
B. blocking histamine receptors.
C. blocking serotonin receptors.
D. stimulating serotonin receptors.
C. blocking serotonin receptors.
Which of the following statements regarding field extubation is correct?
A. It is generally better to sedate the patient rather than extubate.
B. Extubation should be performed with the patient in a supine position.
C. The patient should be extubated if spontaneous breathing occurs.
D. The risk of laryngospasm following extubation is relatively low.
A. It is generally better to sedate the patient rather than extubate.
Which of the following factors would MOST likely produce a falsely normal pulse oximetry reading?
A. Carboxyhemoglobin
B. A dimly lit environment
C. Heart rate above 120 beats/min
D. Peripheral vasodilation
A. Carboxyhemoglobin
An intubated 33-year-old man is becoming agitated and begins moving his head around. Your estimated time of arrival at the hospital is 15 minutes. You should:
A. chemically paralyze him with vecuronium.
B. administer a sedative medication.
C. suction his airway and carefully extubate.
D. physically restrain his head to the stretcher.
B. administer a sedative medication.
