Lifespan Development Quiz Flashcards
The _________ reflex happens when an infant is startled and opens his or her arms wide.
A. vagal
B. rooting
C. moro
D. palmar
C. moro
When assessing an older adult’s pupils and ocular movements, you should recall that:
A. older adults experience decreased sensitivity to glare and widened peripheral vision.
B. the pupils are generally larger in older adults and are commonly asymmetric in size.
C. it is not uncommon for lens deterioration to cause the pupils to be sluggish to react.
D. visual impairment is four times more common than loss of hearing in older adults.
C. it is not uncommon for lens deterioration to cause the pupils to be sluggish to react.
At 2 months of age, an infant should be able to:
A. sit upright in a chair unassisted.
B. track objects with his or her eyes.
C. respond when his or her name is called.
D. differentiate family from strangers
B. track objects with his or her eyes.
In general, normal psychosocial factors that affect the life of a 35-year-old person include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. family.
B. anxiety.
C. stress.
D. work.
B. anxiety.
By the age of 1 year, an infant’s tidal volume ranges from:
A. 8 to 10 mL/kg.
B. 10 to 15 mL/kg.
C. 10 to 12 mL/kg.
D. 6 to 8 mL/kg.
B. 10 to 15 mL/kg.
Barotrauma secondary to bag-mask ventilations in an infant means that your ventilations:
A. were too forceful.
B. did not produce visible chest rise.
C. were too slow for the infant’s age.
D. caused gastric distention.
A. were too forceful.
Relative to younger adults, older adults generally have a harder time breathing because the:
A. diaphragm ascends much higher into the thorax.
B. rib cage becomes flexible due to hypocalcemia.
C. phrenic nerves send fewer signals to the diaphragm.
D. natural elasticity of the lungs decreases.
D. natural elasticity of the lungs decreases.
Infants are referred to as belly breathers because:
A. their rib cages are more rigid than an adult’s.
B. their ribs are not fully attached to the sternum.
C. they rely mostly on their diaphragm to breathe.
D. their intercostal muscles are not innervated.
C. they rely mostly on their diaphragm to breathe.
As the smooth muscles of the lower airway weaken with age:
A. beta-agonistic bronchodilators become an ineffective treatment for acute bronchospasm.
B. the alveoli in the lungs expand widely during deep inhalation, causing them to rupture.
C. strong inhalation can collapse the walls of the airway, resulting in inspiratory wheezing.
D. the person is predisposed to aspiration of mucus or other secretions during normal breathing.
C. strong inhalation can collapse the walls of the airway, resulting in inspiratory wheezing.
Patients between 41 and 60 years of age are LEAST susceptible to:
A. various types of cancer.
B. cardiovascular disease.
C. vision and hearing loss.
D. acute immunosuppression.
D. acute immunosuppression.
In conventional reasoning, school-age children:
A. make decisions guided by their consciences.
B. act out so that they can get what they want.
C. seek approval from their peers and society.
D. act almost purely to avoid punishment.
C. seek approval from their peers and society.
Which of the following vital signs is NOT consistent with that of a child between 1 and 3 years of age?
A. Systolic BP of 90 mm Hg
B. Respiratory rate of 25 breaths/min
C. Heart rate of 80 beats/min
D. Body temperature of 99.2°F
C. Heart rate of 80 beats/min
As a result of the increase in diastolic blood pressure associated with aging:
A. cardiac output progressively increases secondary to decreased afterload.
B. the left ventricle works harder, becomes thicker, and loses its elasticity.
C. the heart valves become stiff and impede blood flow through the heart.
D. the ventricles overfill with blood, resulting in chronic congestive heart failure.
B. the left ventricle works harder, becomes thicker, and loses its elasticity.
The pulse rate of a 16-year-old adolescent typically ranges between:
A. 80 and 110 beats/min.
B. 90 and 120 beats/min.
C. 60 and 80 beats/min.
D. 60 and 100 beats/min.
D. 60 and 100 beats/min.
In what age range can most children begin to use and understand full sentences?
A. 3 to 4 years
B. 4 to 5 years
C. 5 to 6 years
D. 2 to 3 years
A. 3 to 4 years
All of the following physical changes occur in school-age children, EXCEPT:
A. their vital signs become the same as adults’.
B. their weight, on average, increases 2 kg per year.
C. their height, on average, increases 2 ½″ per year.
D. they develop permanent teeth.
A. their vital signs become the same as adults’.
Upper respiratory tract infections are more common in toddlers than in infants because:
A. they put things in their mouths.
B. they are exposed to other children.
C. they do not produce antibodies.
D. of a loss of passive immunity.
D. of a loss of passive immunity.
Which of the following physical changes occurs in adults over 25 years of age?
A. Settling of the disks in the spine
B. An increase in muscle strength
C. A decrease in the body’s fatty tissue
D. Hyperactivity of the reflexes
A. Settling of the disks in the spine
An infant’s fontanelles are typically fused together by the age of:
A. 24 months.
B. 12 months.
C. 36 months.
D. 18 months.
D. 18 months.
By definition, infancy begins at:
A. 1 month of age.
B. 12 months of age.
C. birth.
D. 18 months of age.
A. 1 month of age.
Which of the following statements regarding growth spurts in adolescents is correct?
A. Blood volume typically remains unchanged during a growth spurt.
B. Girls typically experience a growth spurt later in life than boys do.
C. When this period of growth has finished, girls are generally taller than boys.
D. Boys generally experience this stage of growth later in life than girls do
D. Boys generally experience this stage of growth later in life than girls do
Vascular compensation for changes in blood pressure decreases with age due to:
A. reduced elasticity of the peripheral vessels secondary to decreases in elastin and collagen.
B. a 60% to 70% decrease in sympathetic nervous system stimulation and catecholamine release.
C. a marked reduction in renal function with increased sodium reabsorption in the renal tubules.
D. left ventricular hypertrophy and the subsequent decrease in cardiac output that it causes.
A. reduced elasticity of the peripheral vessels secondary to decreases in elastin and collagen.
Older adults are prone to subdural hematomas because:
A. older adults experience an increase in intracranial blood flow as well as a predisposition to falls.
B. age-related shrinkage of the brain stretches the bridging veins that return blood from the brain to the dura mater.
C. excessive alcohol use, which is very common in older adults, causes the brain to atrophy prematurely.
D. age-related hypertension weakens the cerebral veins, which predisposes them to damage from even minor trauma.
B. age-related shrinkage of the brain stretches the bridging veins that return blood from the brain to the dura mater.
In most infants, the primary method of communicating distress is:
A. tachypnea.
B. incontinence.
C. somnolence.
D. crying.
D. crying.
