Quiz 5 Flashcards

1
Q

trying to establish oneself as an independent person

A

achieving autonomy

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2
Q

establishing likes, dislikes, preferences and philosophies

A

establishing identity

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3
Q

a sign of maturing is developing ____ ____

A

emotional stability

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4
Q

Habits we establish in our 20s are related to certain health conditions in middle age such as ________ _______. Moderate ___ ___, a ____ free lifestyle, healthy ____ and regular ____ activity can promote good health

A

heart disease, alcohol intake, smoke, diet, physical

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5
Q

young adulthood is when the _____ system, ____ abilities, _____ and ___ capacity are operating at their best

A

reproductive, motor, strength, lung

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6
Q

men and women with moderate ___ ___ from early to middle childhood have significantly increased risks of _____ ______ _____ and mortality. _______/ being overweight is of concern, and developing healthy ______ and exercise habits are important

A

weight gain, major chronic disease, obese, nutrition

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7
Q

In the mid to late _____s, there is a decline in the ______ ______, in ___ ____ and ability to recover quickly from ___ ______

A

30, immune system, response time, physical exertion

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8
Q

Youth transitioning into adulthood have some of the highest rates of ____ and ____ _____. Drugs impair _____, reduce _____, and alter _____, which can all lead to dangerous behaviour. Reckless _____, violent altercations and ______ _____ encounters are some examples. College campuses are notorious for ____ _____, and alcohol plays a role in over ____% of all student sexual assaults

A

alcohol, substance abuse, judgment, inhibition, mood, driving, forced sexual, binge drinking, 50

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9
Q

early adulthood is a time of relatively good _____. Adults aged _____ have the lowest percentage of physician visits than any other age group.

A

health, 18-44

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10
Q

While early adulthood is the time for having children, _____ childbearing until the late 20s or early ____ has become common. This is because women are more likely to attend ____ and begin careers before starting families. Both men and women are delaying _____ until they are in their late 20s and early 30s

A

delaying, 30s, college, marriage

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11
Q

Drug and alcohol use increase risk of ____ _____ infections because people are likely to engage in risky sexual behaviour when under the influence such as having sex with someone who has had _____ partners, having multiple partners, and having sex with someone whose _____ is unknown

A

sexually transmitted, multiple, history

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12
Q

practical, realistic and more individualistic thought; understanding the complexities of various experiences

A

post formal thought

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13
Q

In the late 30s, people make decisions out of ____ or because of prior ______ and are less influenced by what others think. This is especially true for ______ cultures like Canada

A

necessity, experience, individualistic

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14
Q

formulated theory about college student intellectual development; 9 stages; simultaneous

A

william perry’s scheme

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15
Q

when thinking is more flexible and balanced, and there is recognition of wrong and right in each position; realistic; ability to bring together essential aspects of two opposing viewpoints or positions, synthesize them and come up with new ideas

A

dialectical thought

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16
Q

the human search for a sense of meaning, purpose, and morally fulfilling relations with oneself, other people, the universe and the ground of being; the connection and meaning an individual has with others, hum or herself, and the universe at large

A

spirituality

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17
Q

religious beliefs may decline with ___, though participation in religious activities tends to ____ in young adulthood

A

time, increase

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18
Q

spirituality shapes a person’s view of problems and ______ and may become a strength in overcoming _____ and coping with events

A

solutions, obstacles

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19
Q

the stage of development in which the main task is to establish intimate relationships and not feel isolated from others

A

intimacy vs isolation

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20
Q

intimacy vs isolation is affected by how identity vs ____ ___ was resolved in _____. Individuals could be afraid to get too ____ to someone else, or may lose her or his sense of _____, defining themselves in terms of another _____.

A

role confusion, adolescence, close, self, person

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21
Q

intimate relationships are more difficult if one is still struggling with _______. Previous generations of women defined themselves through their ____ and _____. Eastern cultures value _____ rather than ____

A

identity, husbands, marriages, interdependence, independence

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22
Q

In ____s, intimacy needs to be met in friendships rather than with partners.

A

20

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23
Q

many young adults postpone making long-term commitments to partners in ______ or _______

A

marriage, cohabitation

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24
Q

friendships between men are more likely to involve sharing ______, providing ____, or focusing on _____ rather than discussing problems or emotions. Men tend to discuss ______ or factual information or spend time together in an activity of ____ _____

A

information, solutions, activities, opinions, mutual interest

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25
female friendships tend to focus more on sharing _____ or _____. They talk about the difficulties they have in other ____ and express their ______, ______ and joys.
emotions, challenges, relationships, sadness, frustrations
26
Other sex friendships can become more difficult for ____ men and women because of the unspoken question about whether the friendships will lead to a _______ involvement. They may also be considered _____ once a person is in a long-term relationship or marriage, however, it is common in ____ ______. Friendships may diminish once a person has a partner or single friends may be replaced _____ friends
heterosexual, romantic, threatening, early adulthood, couple
27
in gaining adult status, _____ is emphasized. Young adults often complain that they are not treated with _____, especially if they are in positions of ____ over older workers. The focus of early adulthood is on the _____. They believe that a _____ life lived will improve after school, promotion, kids grow up, etc. Time seems to pass ____ due to meeting many ____. The incentive for working hard is to result in a better future
independence, respect, authority, future, hurried, quickly, demands
28
Many young adults today are taking longer to accomplish early adulthood developmental tasks of becoming ________. There is a new stage between adolescence and young adulthood called ______ ____ which emerged over the past half _____ in industrialized countries. ____ years ago, most young people had entered adult roles in ____ and ___ by the late teens or early 20s. This was because few people pursued _____ beyond secondary school and thus were _____ workers by the end of their teen years.
independent, emerging adulthood, century, 50, love, work, education, full
29
now, a higher proportion of young people pursue education and training beyond secondary school ______%. The early 20s are a time of immense job _______, with an average of ____ job changes. the median age of marriage is ____ years
73, instability, 15, 28
30
physical nearness that is a significant factor in developing relationships, allows people to get to know each other and discover similarities
proximity
31
being repeatedly exposed to people increases the likelihood of attraction; due to feeling safe and knowing what to expect
familiarity
32
we tend to like others who validate our points of view and share similar thoughts, desires and attitudes
matching hypothesis
33
we are more likely to like someone if they feel the same way towards us; we feel obligated to give what we get and maintain relationship equity
reciprocity
34
_____ factors in adolescence are important for a young adult's ability to develop intimate relationships. This includes positive relationships with the _____ and ____ _____
family, mother, role modelling
35
being _____ is the most common relationship based decision for people in their early 20s, and there has been an increase in the number of adults who choose this. ____% attribute this to not having met the right person, while _____% say they do not have the financial stability
single, 30, 27
36
People who cannot marry in Canada are people under the age of _____. Closely ________ persons. Persons who have committees appointed for them under the ___ ____ _____. And those previously married without proof of ____ or ______
16, related, mental health, divorce, death
37
A _____ ____ must be obtained ______ hours before the wedding. The wedding must take place ___ months after the licence is issued, and there must be a ceremony (_____ or _____) with witnesses
marriage licence, 24, 3, religious, civil
38
conflict and -___ in the beginning of a relationship may make the couple's relationship stronger or weaker - impacting the marriage during _______. As children move out, couples are able to spend more ____ together. The ____ couples marry may impact the success of the marriage
distress, mid-adulthood, time, reason
39
couple that remains together for practical reasons rather than intimate feelings
empty shell marriage
40
strong feelings of intimacy and affection for another person rather than strong emotional arousal in the other's presence - very common in long-term marriages
companionate love
41
many divorces take place within the first _____ years of marriage. Divorces in early adulthood are more ___ and ___, with each partner blaming the other for the failures in the marriage. _____ divorces tend to be more about having grown apart, or a ____ off of the relationship
5-10, angry conflictual, midlife, cooling
42
While the divorce rate has _____ since the 1990s, the rate among those ____ and older has doubled. This is likely due to the fact that there is less ____ attached to divorce, some older women may be more ____ capable of supporting themselves, especially as most of their children have grown. Increases in human ____ also makes the prospect of living several more years with an ____ spouse more unlikely
declined, 50, stigma, financially, longevity, incompatible
43
Overall, ___ adults struggle more with the consequences of divorce than do those at ____, as they have higher risk of depression or other signs of problems with _____ adjustment
young, midlife, psychological
44
when people use the divorce experience to better themselves and seek more productive intimate relationships
enhancers
45
those who use a divorce experience to grow emotionally, but who choose to stay single (overwhelming majority women)
competent loners
46
Most divorced adults have ____ by one year after filing for divorce. Some post-divorce parents ______, regulating the flow of information about their new _______ ___ to their children
dated, gatekeep, romantic partner
47
parenting involves ______ care, nurturing and ____, and _____
physical, love, guidance
48
Today, families are having ____ children, ____ individuals or ____ individuals are choosing to have children, and parents are _____ than in previous generations
less, single, unmarried, older
49
_____ resources, ______, _____, ______ and ____ support can affect parent-child relationships
economic, religion, schools, neighborhoods, social
50
Promoting the development of ____ necessary to function effectively in one's society is a ______ goal of parenting. However, the specific skills necessary vary across ______. For example, there is variance in how much goals for _______ and individual _____ are emphasized
skills, universal, cultures, independence, achievement
51
There are both _____ interactions between parents and children, such as marital relationship, school, and work, as well as ____ interactions such as temperaments and parenting styles
indirect, direct
52
the best parenting style, both demanding and supportive of the child
authoritative parenting
53
high supportive parenting with low demanding-nness also called indulgent parenting
permissive parenting
54
low supportive, low demanding parenting, is the 2nd most common parenting style - involves apathy and distant involvement
uinvolved
55
low support with high demanding - ness - punishments are with little or no explanation
authoritarian
56
the complete and final end of all life-defining abilities or functional capacities, internal and external, that are typically attributed to a living body
non functionality
57
once someone dies, the physical body cannot be made alive again
irreversibility
58
death is universal; all living things will someday die
inevitability
59
death is caused by events or conditions that trigger natural processes within the organinsm
biological causality
60
legal document that permits an individual to make their wishes known regarding medical care in the vent that they are incapacitated by illness or accident and are unable to speak for themselves
living will
61
document in which individuals designate a trusted relative or friend as legally authorized to make health care decisions on their behalf in the event they are unable to do so
durable power of attorney
62
ending life in a way that is true to one's preferences, controlling one's end of life care
dying with dignity
63
MAID
medical assistance in dying
64
an approach to end-of-life care that emphasizes dying patients' needs for pain management; psychological, spiritual, and social support and death dignity; philosophy does not emphasize prolonging life but rather prolonging quality of life
hospice
65
focusing on controlling pain and related symptoms
palliative care
66
_____ _____ begin to acknowledge their vulnerability. Awareness of death increases in ______ adulthood, often causing them to reevaluate their ______, and mourn the loss of the ____ when facing death. Older adults may become socialized to the nature and _____ of death, and come to the sense of integrity after a ____ _____. ______ ______ declines over the lifespan
young adults, middle, priorities, present, inevitability, life review, death anxiety
67
Kubler-Ross's categorization of reaction to death
1. denial, 2. anger, 3. bargaining, 4. depression, 5. acceptance
68
a state of loss
bereavement
69
an emotional response to loss, including emotions such as hurt, anger, guilt and confusion
grief
70
culturally patterned, ritualistic ways of displaying and expressing bereavement, including special clothing, food, prayers and gatherings
mourning
71
feelings of loss that begin before a death occurs
anticipatory grief
72
increased likelihood for a recently widowed person to due
widowhood effect
73
the idea that bereavement is accomplished by 2 types of stressors: loss oriented, and restoration oriented
dual-process model
74
the idea that living things are unique because they are filled with a special substance / energy that is the essence of life
vitalism
75
death involves the breaking down of cellular mechanisms when they succumb to ____
entropy
76
In response to acute pain of grief, the ____ ____ produces ____ which releases _______. This results in low ______. Lower areas of the brain like the ____ are overactive, resulting in stress and despair. Higher areas of the brain are overactive, like the -____, which results in difficulty letting go of minor _____ and a prolonged increase in ___ _____.
pituitary gland, ACTH, cortisol, immunity, amygdala, ACC, inconveniences, heart rate
77
Long term depression causes _____ and _____ changes, which may contribute to increased / decreased _____, forgetting things, and brain fog
amygdala, hippocampus, sleep
78
The increased on time _____ rate may be associated with provincial policies implemented during the _____ to ensure students would not fail or drop out of school given the pressures of school closures. A higher proportion of young women _____% completed high-school on time than young men ______% in 2019/2020
graduation, pandemic, 87, 81
79
There are approximately _____ universities (public and private) in Canada. Post secondary education in Canada is funded through a combination of _____, _____, ____ and __ ____ which vary considerably by province and territory. Student tuition fees make up around ______% of the funding of post-secondary education. Canadian universities are considered ____, non _____ corporations. Interventions by the government are limited to concerns around ____ increases and student funding. A major reason why people pursue post secondary education is so that they will attain marketable skills that will results in increased _____ opportunities
165, municipal, provincial, federal, private funds, 20, autonomous, profit, fee, employment
80
young women are achieving a university credential in higher _____ than young men. At least half of postsecondary graduates reported that they took on ____ to finance their studies. Once they reach the labour market, postsecondary graduates have higher employment levels, and higher average and median _____ than those not pursuing post secondary education. Higher levels of education are associated with higher median _____ _____, In Canada, the cumulative earnings premium associated with a post secondary education is far greater than average student ____ levels
proportions, debt, income, cumulative earnings, debt
81
men with an apprenticeship certificate in the ____ _____ earned ____% more than men with a college diploma, ______% more than men with a high school diploma, and ____% less than men with a bachelor's degree
skilled trades, 7, 31, 11
82
women with a bachelor's degree earned ____% more than women with a college diploma, ____% more than women with a high school diploma, and about ___% more than women with an apprenticeship certificate
40, 60, 80
83
among the provinces, men and women residing in _____ had the highest earnings at every level of education
alberta
84
women with a high school diploma in _____ earned more than women with a bachelor's degree in every province and _____
nunavut, yukon
85
failure to achieve success in the labor market interferes with young adults' ability to meet other adult ____ markers.
transition
86
A survey by Canadian payroll management company indicated that only a ____ of Canadian workers took the 2 weeks annual vacation they are allotted, and an additional ____% said they took less than ____ of the 2 weeks.
third, 28, half
87
Work can be a source of ____, a life ___ and a way of structuring _____, a source of ___ and identity, context for social _______, and meaningful experience that provides a sense of _______
income, routine, time, status, interaction, accomplishment
88
Job satisfaction tends to peak in ____ adulthood due to higher ____, greater involvement in _____, and lower ______.
middle, wages, decisions, expectations
89
organizational discrimination in the workplace that limits the career advancement of women
glass ceilings
90
OECD Gender Wage Gap in Canada
16%
91
becoming disillusioned and frustrated at work
job burnout
92
The gap between rich and poor families is ______. Middle-income families face _____ _____. They must balance employment expectations with _____ ____ obligations which has a significant impact typically on women / mothers. Women at highest risk of poverty are _____ mothers. Women earn less than _____, and they are more likely to be in ____ / ______ employment, earn minimum wage, and have ____ employment
increasing, economic insecurity, child care, single, men, part-time, non-standard, precarious
93
the ability to inquire and create independently without external control; to discover
education