Quiz 4 2023 Flashcards
Alveoli do not contain cilia to help remove dust and debris that reaches the lower airways, so how do they remove the irritants?
Alveolar macrophages
To calculate alveolar ventilation, what must be measured?
Physiologic dead space
As alveolar ventilation increases, more CO2 is pulled out of the blood. What happens to PaCO2 and PACO2 values?
Both values decrease
A 6 kg cat has a tidal volume of 8 mL/kg and a minute volume of 1200 mL. What is the respiratory rate for this cat? Show your work and include correct units for full credit.
BW x 8mL/kg = VT
6 kg x 8 mL / kg = 48 mL
1200 mL/min x 48 mL/breath
25 breaths / min
What is the approximate partial pressure of oxygen if the barometric pressure is 600 mm Hg and the FIO2 is 40%? Show your work and include correct units for full credit.
atmospheric pressure x FIO2 = partial pressure of O2
600 mmHg x 40% (0.4) = 240 mmHg
240 mmHg of partial pressure of oxygen
When the lungs inflate, how does intrapleural pressure change?
Becomes negative
f the total amount of gas transported across the alveolar/capillary barrier is limited by blood flow through the pulmonary capillaries, this is called diffusion-limited gas exchange. T/F
False
What is the partial pressure of oxygen in a gas containing 35% oxygen at sea level (atmospheric pressure)? Show your work and include correct units for full credit.
atmospheric pressure x % O2 at sea level = Partial Pressure of O2 in a gas
760 mmHg x 35% (0.35) = 266 mmHg
266 mmHg of partial pressure of oxygen in a gas
In tissues, the partial pressure of oxygen in blood has fallen to 40 mm Hg. What is a reason oxygen continues to dissociate from hemoglobin and enter the tissues?
PO2 in tissues in low relative to blood
A 440 kg horse has a respiratory rate of 12 breaths/minute. What is this horse’s tidal volume and minute volume? You should have two answers and you must include the correct units on both answers and show your work to receive full credit.
BW x 10 mL/kg = VT
440 kg x 10 mL/kg = 4,400 mL VT
4,400 mL VT x 12 bpm = 52,800 mL/min VT
52,800 ml/min or 52.8 L/min
how would you ventilation be described in a V/Q mismatch where the ratio is low?
low ventilation
which situation can cause hypoxia
decreased cardiac output
which respiration pattern is charaterized by changing rates and depths with some apneic periods
cheyne-stoke’s
A 60 kg dog has a PaCO2 of 40 mmHg, a PECO2 of 35 mmHg, and tidal volume of 10 mL/kg. What is the physiologic dead space? Show your work and include correct units for full credit.
BW x 10 mL/kg = VT
60 kg x 10 mL/kg = 600 mL tidal volume
(600 mL VT x (40 mmHg - 35 mmHg)) / 40 mmHg = 75 mL
75 mL of physiological dead space
What is the alveolar ventilation (VA) in a 400 kg horse with a respiratory rate (RR) of 12 breaths per minute, a PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg, and an ETCO2 of 25 mm Hg? Show your work and include correct units for full credit.
BW x 10ml/kg = VT
400kg x 10mL/kg = 4,000 mL
4,000 mL (50 mmHg - 25 mmHg) / 50 mmHg = 20,000 mL of dead space
4,000 mL - 20,000 of dead space x 12 bpm = 24,000 mL
24,000 mL of alveolar ventilation
