Quiz 3: Lecture 9 Pelvis

Question 1

What is the pelvic inlet?

Answer 1

Superior portion of opening in the pelvis

Question 2

What is the pelvic outlet?

Answer 2

The inferior portion of opening in the pelvis

Question 3

What structures are in the pelvic cavity?

Answer 3

Urinary bladder, ureters, pelvic genital organs, rectum, blood vessels, lymphatics, sacral nerves

Question 4

The hip bone (also known as the innominate bone or Os Coxae) is comprised of 3 bones, what are they? Where do they meet?

Answer 4

• Ischium
• ilium
• pubis

They all meet at the acetabulum

Question 5

Structures of the pelvic inlet (anterior/inferior to posterior/superior)

Answer 5

• pubic symphysis (joint)
• pubic bone
• medial part of ilium
• Ala of sacrum

Question 6

Structures of the pelvic outlet (anterior/inferior to posterior/superior)

Answer 6

• inferior pubic bone/symphysis
• ischial tuberosity
• sacrotuberous ligament
• coccyx

Question 7

What is the ligament that runs from ASIS to pubic bone?

Answer 7

Inguinal ligament

Question 8

What are the openings between the ischium and pubic bone called?

Answer 8

Obturator foramen (2)

Question 9

What membrane fills the obturator foramen

Answer 9

Obturator membrane

Question 10

Which ligament runs from the sacrum to ischial tuberosity?

Answer 10

Sacrotuberous ligament

Question 11

Differentiate between a female and male pelvis

Answer 11

Female:
- inlet is more circular
- ischial spines projects not as far medially
- angle between ischial tuberosity is wide

Male:
- inlet is more heart shaped
- ischial spines project further in medially
- angle between ischial tuberosity is more narrow

Question 12

What is the pubic symphysis?

Answer 12

Cartilage fills the gap between right and left pelvic bones (held together by the superior and inferior pubic ligaments)

Question 13

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

Answer 13

Fibrocartilaginous

Question 14

T or F? Motion increases dramatically at the pubic symphysis during child birth

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What makes up the anterior pelvic wall?

Answer 15

Pubic bones and pubic symphysis

Question 16

What is the most lateral muscle of the pelvis wall?

Answer 16

obturator internus

Question 17

What makes up the posterior pelvic wall?

Answer 17

• Sacrum and coccyx
• adjacent parts of the ilia
• SI joints
• piriformis

Question 18

What is the pelvic floor (aka pelvic diaphragm)

Answer 18

Muscles that stretch from the coccyx bone to the pubic symphysis

• levator ani (puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus)
• coccygeus muscle

Question 19

What is the origin and insertion of the coccygeus muscle?

Answer 19

Origin: Ischial spine
Insertion: sacrum/coccyx

Question 20

Which nerve innervates the levator ani?

Answer 20

Inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve

Question 21

What does the coccygeus muscle support?

Answer 21

Pelvic viscera

Question 22

The ________ nerve is the somatic (motor/sensory) nerve to the pelvis

Answer 22

Pudendal

Question 23

Which sphincter can you voluntarily control?

Answer 23

External sphincter (when you are waiting to go to the bathroom)

Question 24

Where does the pudendal nerve go?

Answer 24

Passes out of the greater sciatic foramen, then back into lesser sciatic foramen to innervates levator ani and perineal muscles

Question 25

Where are the ureters and what do they do?

Answer 25

Brings urine from kidneys to bladder

Question 26

Which gland is present in males but not females?

Answer 26

Prostate gland (located anterior and inferior to bladder)

Question 27

What is the detruser? (Used in urine secretion)

Answer 27

Smooth muscle of the bladder (autonomically controlled)

Works with external urethral sphincter to push urine out of the bladder

Question 28

What is the external urethral sphincter? (Used in urine secretion)

Answer 28

Skeletal muscle (somatically controlled) that controls the flow of urine out of the bladder through the urethra

Works with detrusor to push urine out of the bladder

Question 29

What is the organ layout from anterior to posterior in male vs female?

Answer 29

Male: pubic symphysis, bladder, rectum

Female: pubic symphysis, bladder, urethra, rectum

Question 30

Differentiate between which nerves are parasympathetic vs sympathetic…

Sacrosplanchnic nerves and pelvicsplanchnic nerves

Answer 30

Sacrosplanchnic nerves: sympathetic

Pelvicsplanchnic nerves: parasympathetic

Question 31

Which ligament runs from the ASIS to pubic bone?

Answer 31

Inguinal ligament

Question 32

What is the perineum?

Answer 32

Area between the anus and genitals

Question 33

Which structure “picks up the egg”?

Answer 33

Fimbriae (then goes to the uterin tube, then uterus to hopefully find a sperm)

Question 34

Explain the sperm production route

Answer 34

Produced in the testis/testes, into the efferent ductules, to the epididymis, to the ductus deferens, back into the abdomen, into the bladder,

Question 35

Internal anal sphincter is ________________ controlled. ______________ fibers are activated when using it

Answer 35

Autonomically, parasympathetic

Question 36

External sphincter is ______________ controlled by the _____________ nerve

Answer 36

Somatically, pudendal

Question 37

Innervation of the pelvic viscera include

Answer 37

Parasympathetic
- preganglionic: pelvic splanchnic nerves from S2 to S4 spinal nerve ventral rami
- postganglionic: ganglia in walls of organs

Sympathetic
- preganglionic: T11 to L2 spinal cord
- least splanchnic nerves (which leave chain, synapse at aorticorenal ganglia)
- sacral splanchnic nerves (which leave chain, synapse at ganglia in pelvis, supply reproductive organs)

Question 38

Which artery supplies the pelvis and perineum?

Answer 38

Internal iliac artery