Quiz #3 Flashcards
Generic Vs. brand medications
Generic medications are the original chemical names of medications (in contrast with one of its proprietary or “trade” names); the name is not capitalized.
Routes of administration:
Inhalation Intramuscular (IM) Intraosseuos (IO) Intravenous (IV) Per os (PO) Per Rectum (PR) Subcutaneous (SC) Sublingual (SL) Transcutaneous Intranasal
Forms of drugs:
Tablets and capsules Solutions and suspensions Metered-dose inhalers Topical medications Transcutaneous medications Gels Gases for inhalation
A liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.
Solution
Miniature spray canister used to direct such substances through the mouth and into the lungs and is often used by a patient with respiratory illness such as asthma or emphysema.
Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
Applies to the surface of the skin and effect only that area. Lotions, creams, and ointments.
Topical Medications
A state in which the blood glucose is above normal (greater than 120)
Hyperglycemia
A state in which the blood glucose is above normal (greater than 120)
- gradual onset (hours to days)
- warm and dry skin
- infection common
- thirst intense
- hunger present and increasing
- vomiting and abdominal pain is common
- with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) rapid, deep respirations (kussmaul)
- sweet, fruity odor to breath
- BP normal to low
- pule rapid, weak, and thready
- restless, abnormal speech, unsteady gait
- gradual response 6-12 hours
Hyperglycemia
A state in which the blood glucose level is below normal (less than 80)
- rapid onset
- pale, cool, moist skin
- infection uncommon
- breathing may become shallow if severe
- BP normal to low
- Pulse rapid and weak
- Irritability, confusion, seizure, coma, unsteady gait
- administration of glucose to treat
Hypoglycemia
Condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation, and therefore inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery, to maintain normal cellular function. Also called hypoperfusion.
Shock (hypoperfusion)
Type of shock caused by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure.
Cardiogenic Shock
Presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area.
Edema
Shock caused by a mechanical obstruction which prevents an adequate volume of blood to fill the heart chambers.
Obstructive Shock
Shock that results when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both. As a result, the circulating blood volume pools in the expanded vascular beds and tissue perfusion decreases.
Distributive Shock
Shock that occurs as a result of severe infections, usually bacterial, in which toxins are generated by the bacteria or by infected body tissues. In this condition, the toxins damage the vessel walls, causing increased cellular permeability.
Septic Shock
