Block 1 Test

Question 1

What is CQI?

Answer 1

Continuous Quality Improvement is a circular system of continuous internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system.

Question 2

Why is blood pressure cuff sizing important?

Answer 2

An improperly sized cuff can cause inaccurate readings. A cuff that is too small can cause a reading to increas 10 to 40 mm hg.

Question 3

What ages will not have their BP taken?

Answer 3

3 years old or younger

Question 4

A characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in soft tissues.

Answer 4

Subcutaneous Emphysema

Question 5

What is Jugular Vein Distention (JVD)?

Answer 5

A visual bulging of the jugular veins in the neck that can be caused by fluid overload, pressure in the chest, cardiac tamponade, or tension pneumothorax.

Question 6

What is the best position for a patient with JVD?

Answer 6

45 degrees

Question 7

The motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flail chest; the motion–in during inhalation, out during exhalation–is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing.

Answer 7

Paradoxical Motion

Question 8

Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society 1966

Answer 8

The White Paper

Question 9

Of abrupt onset, in reference to a disease. Often also connotes an illness that is of short duration, rapidly progressive, and in need of urgent care. Also is a measure of the time scale of a disease and is in contrast to “chronic.”

Answer 9

Acute

Question 10

S.A.M.P.L.E.

Answer 10

Signs/symptoms (what can you see? what is the chief complaint?)

Allergies (what have you come into contact with?)

Medications (SHOP street, herbal, otc, prescription)

Past medical history (has this happened before? pre-existing condition?)

Last oral intake (when was the last time you ate? what did you eat?)

Events (what were you doing when you started feeling this way?)

Question 11

O.P.Q.R.S.T.

Answer 11

Onset (when did this start? what were you doing when this started?)

Provocation (what makes it better/worse?)

Quality (can you describe the pain?)

Radiation (where else does it go?)

Severity (1-10)

Time (how long has this been going on?)

Question 12

How should an EMT dress in cold weather and rescue situations?

Answer 12

In layers

Question 13

Positive pressure breathing should be used when:

Answer 13

breathing is either too slow or too fast

Question 14

Forcing air or oxygen into the lungs when a patient has stopped breathing or has inadequate breathing.

Answer 14

Positive Pressure Ventilation.

Question 15

Positive pressure ventilation often causes:

Answer 15

Too much oxygen and excess air moving into the GI and causes vomiting

Question 16

The act of air moving in and out of the lungs during chest compressions.

Answer 16

Passive Ventilation

Question 17

What should the EMT do when there is a foreign body obstruction in the airway?

Answer 17

Secure the airway and attempt to clear the obstruction

Question 18

How should dentures be handled?

Answer 18

Remove if loose, leave in place if tight

Question 19

What should amputees be referred to over the radio?

Answer 19

Disabled

Question 20

A dangerous condition in which the body’s tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen.

Answer 20

Hypoxia

Question 21

The exchange of gasses between the lungs and the blood cells in the pulmonary capillaries; also called pulmonary respiration.

Answer 21

External Respirations

Question 22

A liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs, decreases alveolar surface tension, and keeps the alveoli expanded; a low level in a premature infant contributes to respiratory distress syndrome.

Answer 22

Surfactant (respirations)

Question 23

When cells function with oxygen they use:

They generate large amounts of ATP (cellular energy) and produce wastes of carbon dioxide and water.

Answer 23

Aerobic Metabolism

Question 24

When cells function without oxygen the use:

They generate small amounts of ATP (cellular energy) and produce waste of lactic acid.

Answer 24

Anaerobic Metabolism

Question 25

Negligence requires:

Answer 25

Duty to act
Breach of duty
Actual damage
Cause

Question 26

Unilateral termination of care by the EMT without the patient’s consent and without making provisions for transferring care to another medical professional with the skills and training necessary to meet the needs of the patient.

Answer 26

Abandonment

Question 27

The circulation of oxygenated blood through the body tissues and vessels.

Answer 27

Perfusion

Question 28

The pressure of water against the walls of its container

Answer 28

Hydrostatic Pressure

Question 29

Hypoperfusion

Answer 29

Shock

Question 30

The average pressure in a patient’s arteries during one cardiac cycle. It is considered a better indicator of perfusion to vital organs than systolic blood pressure (SBP).

Answer 30

Mean Arterial Pressure

Question 31

Found in the heart and blood vessels

Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause constriction of blood vessels and increase BP.

Answer 31

alpha adrenergic receptors

Question 32

The part of the autonomic nervous system which controls active functions such as responding to fear (fight or flight)

Answer 32

Sympathetic Nervous System

Question 33

Subdivision of the autonomic nervous system, involved in control of involuntary functions such as digestion of food and relaxation, mediated largely by the vagus nerve through the chemical acetylcholine.

Answer 33

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 34

Located in the upper brain stem; responsible for maintenance of consciousness, specifically ones level of arousal.

A diffuse network of nerve pathways in the brainstem connecting the spinal cord, cerebrum, and cerebellum, and mediating the overall level of consciousness.

Answer 34

Reticular Activating System

Question 35

Where are the kidneys located?

Answer 35

retroperitoneal space

Question 36

A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels, forming plaque, eventually leading to a partial or complete blockage of blood flow.

Answer 36

Atherosclerosis

Question 37

A disease that causes arteries to thicken, harden, and calcify.

Answer 37

Arteriosclerosis

Question 38

The amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible.

Answer 38

Vital Capacity

Question 39

A hypothesis that a sharp reduction in cognitive capacity in older people is often correlated with impending death, typically within five years.

Answer 39

Terminal Drop Hypothesis

Question 40

Why risk for diabetes increases with age

Answer 40

Insulin production and metabolism drop off
Physical activity is decreased
Food intake remains the same but body cannot keep up