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Bioscience > Quiz #3 > Flashcards

Quiz #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the nervous system in the CNS and PNS?

  1. Metabolism
  2. Regulation
  3. Integration
  4. Organization
A

Metabolism

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2
Q

Action potentials are usually generated in:

  1. Dendrites
  2. Cell body
  3. Axon hillock
  4. Axons
A

Axon hillock (landmark that one can use to distinguish axon from dendrite)

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3
Q

The site of neurotransmitter storage and release is:

  1. Dendrites
  2. Cell body
  3. Axon hillock
  4. Axon terminal
A

Axon terminal (includes synaptic end bulbs)

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4
Q

ALL living cells are capable of generating action potentials.

  1. True
  2. False
A

False. All living cells display a resting membrane potential. However, only some cells have electrically excitable membranes meaning they are capable of generating action potentials

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5
Q

Schwann cells are supporting cells of the nervous system found only in the PNS

  1. True
  2. False
A

True

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6
Q

Axons with small diameters conduct impulses at a much faster rate than axons with a large diameter

A

False

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7
Q

Olm’s law is:

A

V=IR

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8
Q

The membrane voltage for a typical REAL cell is usually:

  1. 55 mV
  2. 70 mV
  3. -70 mV
  4. -90 mV
A

-70 mV

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9
Q

The ______primarily regulate extracellular K+, creating the diffusion potential across the membrane

  1. Kidneys
  2. Heart
  3. Lungs
  4. Liver
A

Kidneys

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10
Q

The threshold potential is usually how much more than the resting membrane potential?

  1. 5 mV
  2. 10 mV
  3. 15 mV
  4. 20 mV
A

15 mV

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11
Q

Closing of sodium channels and re-opening of potassium channels occurs during:

  1. Repolarization
  2. Depolarization
  3. Resting membrane potential
  4. Hypopolarization
A

Repolarization

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12
Q

Which of the following supporting cells of the CNS are responsible for myelinization of the CNS?

  1. Microglial cells
  2. Oligodendrocytes
  3. Ependymal cells
  4. Astrocytes
A

Oligodendrocytes

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13
Q

Which of the following supporting cells of the CNS acts as a blood brain barrier?

  1. Microglial cells
  2. Oligodendrocytes
  3. Ependymal cells
  4. Astrocytes
A

Astrocytes

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14
Q

Epithelial cells of the spinal cord that produce and regulate CSF (lines the neural tube cavity):

  1. Microglial cells
  2. Oligodendrocytes
  3. Ependymal cells
  4. Astrocytes
A

Ependymal cells

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15
Q

The action potential travels in 2 directions in vivo

  1. True
  2. False
A

False. It travels in only one direction

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16
Q

Excitatory post synaptic potential (EPSP) can stimulate:

  1. Depolarization
  2. Repolarization
  3. Hyperpolarization
  4. Hypopolarization
A

Hypopolarization

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17
Q

What happens when acetylcholine is left in the synaptic cleft:

  1. Broken down into inactive substances by enzymes
  2. Taken back up into the presynaptic neuron in a process called reuptake
  3. Diffuses away into the intercellular fluid until its concentration is too low to influence postsynaptic excitability
A

Broken down into inactive substances by enzymes (acetylcholine esterase)

18
Q

Which of the muscles contain intercolated disks?

  1. Cardiac
  2. Smooth
  3. Skeletal
A

Cardiac- they allow electrical conduction to pass from one cell to another

19
Q

Which of the following is the proper order for skeletal muscle development?

  1. Myoblasts - myotubes - myocytes
  2. Myoblasts- myocytes - myotubes
  3. myotubes - myocytes - myoblasts
  4. Myotubes - myoblasts - myocytes
A

Myoblasts - myotubes - myocytes

20
Q

Unicellular myoblasts persist in mature skeletal muscle as satellite cells

  1. True
  2. False
A

True

21
Q

Which muscle tissue is multinucleated?

  1. Cardiac
  2. Smooth
  3. Skeletal
A

Skeletal b/c there are no distinct boundaries (syncytial)

22
Q

The structure from one Z-line running to the next is known as a:

  1. Sarcolemma
  2. Sarcomere
  3. Actin filaments
  4. Myosin filaments
A

Sarcomere. Z lines are held together by actin filaments

23
Q

The central portion of the sarcomere contains the dark band (A band) consisting mainly of:

  1. Actin microfilaments
  2. Myosin microfilaments
A

Myosin microfilaments (with some overlap of actin filaments)

24
Q

How many sarcomeres does it take to form an I band?

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
A

2…the I band is joined by two ends of a sarcomere which consists of actin filaments

25
Q

Skeletal muscle contains a lot of ______ ER

  1. Rough
  2. Smooth
A

Smooth - sarcoplasmic reticulum

26
Q

Muscle contraction involves:

  1. sliding of the actin filaments inward among the myosin
  2. sliding of the myosin filaments inward among the actin
A

sliding of the actin filaments inward among the myosin

27
Q

Perimysium surrounds which of the following structures:

  1. Muscle (organ)
  2. Muscle Fasicle
  3. Muscle fiber
  4. Myofibril or fibril
A

Muscle fasicle

28
Q

Which element is the sarcomere contained within?

  1. Fasicle
  2. Muscle fiber
  3. Myofibril
  4. Microfilament
A

Myofibril

29
Q

Which of the following is the actual muscle cell?

  1. Fasicle
  2. Muscle fiber
  3. Myofibril
  4. Microfilament
A

Muscle fiber

30
Q

thick filaments of the myofilaments mainly consist of:

  1. bundled myosin heads
  2. bundled actin heads
A

bundled myosin heads

31
Q

which large protein appears to be responsible for most of the passive tension generated when the muscle is stretched beyond optimal length?

A

Titin molecule in the I band region

32
Q

cross bridges are relative to:

  1. thick filament
  2. thin filament
A

thick filament

33
Q

What is the name of the binding site on actin which allows for the attachment of myosin heads

A

tropomyosin

34
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum constantly requires ATP to move calcium out

  1. True
  2. False
A

true

35
Q

T-tubules are extensions of:

  1. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
  2. Sarcolemma
  3. Sarcomere
A

Sarcolemma

36
Q

Muscle contraction ends with:

  1. tropomyosin blockage being restored
  2. reuptake of Ca2+ by SR
  3. ATP hydrolysis
A

tropomyosin blockage being restored

37
Q

During muscle contraction, all of the following happen except:

  1. Sarcomeres shorten b/c actin filaments are pulled towards the m-line
  2. I band gets shorter (sliding-filament theory)
  3. none of the above
  4. all of the above
A

all of the above

38
Q

How do you grade the strength of a contraction?

A

motor unit recruitment and frequency modulation

39
Q

The largest motor units get recruited first

  1. True
  2. False
A

False. smallest ones are recruited first

40
Q

A single motor neuron will innervate multiple neurons

  1. True
  2. False
A

True

41
Q

Cardiac muscle cannot be tetanized

  1. True
  2. False
A

True

Bioscience (6 decks)

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