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Bioscience > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Factors attempting to make changes and act on a regulated variable are known as:

  1. Receptors
  2. Biological Response
  3. Perturbations
  4. Effectors
A

Perturbations

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2
Q

Which of the following is a major component in ANS activity and is responsible for the # of integrating centers to relay info?

  1. Pituitary Gland
  2. Thalamus
  3. Hypothalamus
  4. Limbic System
A

Hypothalamus

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3
Q

The PNS is broken down into what 2 pathways?

A

Afferent and efferent pathways. The efferent is further broken down into somatic and autonomic

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4
Q

All of the following are involved with the Autonomic Nervous System except:

  1. Skeletal Muscle
  2. Smooth Muscle
  3. Cardiac Muscle
  4. GI tract
A

Skeletal muscle (somatic)

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5
Q

In the ANS, he preganglionic fiber leaves the cell body in the CNS through

  1. Dorsal Root
  2. Ventral Root
A

Ventral Root

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6
Q

The ANS is a one neuron pathway

  1. True
  2. False
A

False- it is a 2 neuron pathway divided between a preganglionic and postganglionic fiber

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7
Q

Diffused and Prolonged describes:

  1. Sympathetic
  2. Parasympathetic
A

Sympathetic

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8
Q

Preganglionic fibers are short and postganglionic fibers are long

  1. Sympathetic Nervous System
  2. Parasympathetic Nervous System
A

Sympathetic Nervous System

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9
Q

As a sympathetic response, what does the adrenal medulla release?

A

Chromaffin Cells -release neurotransmitters into the blood- epinephrine(80%) or norepinephrine (20%)

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10
Q

Craniosacral:

  1. Sympathetic
  2. Parasympathetic
A

Parasympathetic

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11
Q

What is an Atypical release of the Sympathetic Nervous system

  1. Epinephrine
  2. Norepinephrine
  3. Acetylcholine
A

Acetylcholine, which is usually released to sweat glands. Norepinephrine is typical.

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12
Q

What are the two types of cholinergic receptors?

A

Nicotinic and Muscarinic

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a factor determining the response to adrenergic or cholinergic stimulation

  1. Concentration of neurotransmitter/hormone
  2. Receptor Population of target Cell
  3. Specific Nature of Target Cells
  4. None of the above
A

None of the above

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14
Q

Dilation of the pupil is known as

A

mydriasis (occurs as a sympathetic response)

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15
Q

Which of the following is not a response to the sympathetic system?

  1. Inhibition of lacrimal glands
  2. Decreased Ionotrophy
  3. Hepatocytes break down glycogen into glucose
  4. Inhibit Contraction of Bladder Muscle
A

Decreased Ionotrophy. There is an increase in ionotrophy

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16
Q

The Sympathetic Nervous system promotes contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of blood vessels

  1. True
  2. False
A

False- there is constriction of blood vessels (with the exception of blood vessels in skeletal muscle)

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17
Q

Which of the following is not a response of the parasympathetic system?

  1. Contraction of ciliary muscle in eyeball
  2. Increased tear production
  3. Insulin production by pancrease
  4. Decreased function of GI tract
A

Decreased function of GI tract

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18
Q

Blood Vessels and Sweat glands have no parasympathetic innervation

  1. True
  2. False
A

True

19
Q

Sympatholytics are:

  1. Sympathetic Stimulants
  2. Sympathetic Blockers
A

Sympathetic Blockers

20
Q

Found between post-ganglionic parasympathetic neuron and terminal effector cell:

  1. Muscarinic
  2. Nicotinic
A

Muscarinic

21
Q

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is used for peripheral effects:

  1. Mestinon
  2. Cognex
  3. Aricept
  4. Pilocarpine
A

Mestinon

22
Q

Pilocarpine and Urecholine are both forms of _______ receptor agonist

  1. Muscarinic
  2. Nicotinic
A

Muscarinic

23
Q

The muscarinic receptor antagonists M1, 4, and 5 are associated with

  1. Heart
  2. Liver
  3. CNS
  4. Smooth muscle & Exocrine Glands
A

CNS

24
Q 
Which muscarinic receptor antagonist is used for an overactive bladder?
1. Atropine
2 Tansderm-Scop
3. Atrovent
4. Ditropan
A

Ditropan- it limits contractility

25
Q

Vecuronium, Pancuronium, and Cisatracurium are all ______ receptor antagonists

  1. Muscarinic
  2. Nicotinic
A

Nicotinic

26
Q

Reuptake occurs in parasympathetic neurons

  1. True
  2. False
A

False

27
Q

Which of the following is the correct order for synthesis of norepinephrine:

  1. Tyrosine-dopamine-dopa-NE
  2. Tyrosine-dopa-dopamine-NE
  3. Dopa-dopamine-tyrosine-NE
  4. Dopamine-dopa-tyrosine-NE
A

Tyrosine-dopa-dopamine-NE

28
Q

Which of the following receptors cause contraction of vascular and genitourinary smooth muscle?

  1. Alpha 1
  2. Alpha 2
  3. Beta 1
  4. Beta 2
A

Alpha 1

29
Q

Which of the following receptors inhibits NE release by the presynaptic receptor (negative feedback)?

  1. Alpha 1
  2. Alpha 2
  3. Beta 1
  4. Beta 2
A

Alpha 2

30
Q

Which adrenergic receptor is responsible for increased ionotrophy and chronotrophy and AV node conduction velocity?

  1. Beta 1
  2. Beta 2
  3. Beta 2
A

Beta 1

31
Q

During a sympathetic response and stimulation of Beta-2 receptor, there is relaxation/dilation of bronchiolar airways and dilation of smooth muscles in blood vessels that supply skeletal muscles

  1. True
  2. False
A

True

32
Q

Which is specific for serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine?

  1. MAO-A
  2. MAO-B
A

MAO-A

33
Q

Enzymes that account for degradation of circulating catecholamines?

  1. MAO
  2. COMT
A

COMT

34
Q

Beta 1 and Beta 2 effects at low concentrations, alpha 1 effects at high concentration

  1. Norepinephrine
  2. Epinephrine
  3. Dopamine
A

Epinephrine

35
Q

Which of the following is not an effect of norepinephrine?

  1. Increased blood pressure (diastolic and systolic)
  2. Decreased heart rate
  3. Vasodilation of periphery
  4. Increased stroke volume
A

Vasodilation of periphery

36
Q

Levophed is the brand name for

  1. Epinephrine
  2. Norepinephrine
  3. Dopamine
A

Norepinephrine

37
Q

Dilation of renal, mesenteric, and coronary blood vessels occurs with dopamine at

  1. High Concentration
  2. Low Concentration
A

Low Concentration

38
Q

Tyramine is a _______ sympathomimetic

  1. Direct
  2. Indirect
  3. Mixed
A

Indirect

39
Q

Amphetamine is a potent adrenoreceptor in the CNS

  1. True
  2. False
A

True. It also has similar effects to tyramine, inhibits MAO, and is a peripheral alpha and beta agonist

40
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants inhibit alpha-adrenergic receptors

  1. True
  2. False
A

True (it has some antagonistic effects)

41
Q

Elavil is an example of:

  1. Indirect Sympathomimetic
  2. Monoamine Oxidase inhibitor
  3. Mixed Sympathomimetic
  4. None of the above
A

Mixed Sympathomimetic (tricyclic antidepressant)

42
Q

Eldepryl is a _______MAO inhibitor

  1. Selective
  2. Non-selective
A

Selective for MAO-B. Nardil is a non-selective inhibitor.

43
Q

Catapres (clonodine) is a ______ agonist

  1. Alpha 2
  2. Alpha 1
A

Alpha 2 (decreases blood pressure in CNS )

Bioscience (6 decks)

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