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Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Factors attempting to make changes and act on a regulated variable are known as:

  1. Receptors
  2. Biological Response
  3. Perturbations
  4. Effectors
A

Perturbations

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2
Q

Which of the following is a major component in ANS activity and is responsible for the # of integrating centers to relay info?

  1. Pituitary Gland
  2. Thalamus
  3. Hypothalamus
  4. Limbic System
A

Hypothalamus

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3
Q

The PNS is broken down into what 2 pathways?

A

Afferent and efferent pathways. The efferent is further broken down into somatic and autonomic

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4
Q

All of the following are involved with the Autonomic Nervous System except:

  1. Skeletal Muscle
  2. Smooth Muscle
  3. Cardiac Muscle
  4. GI tract
A

Skeletal muscle (somatic)

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5
Q

In the ANS, he preganglionic fiber leaves the cell body in the CNS through

  1. Dorsal Root
  2. Ventral Root
A

Ventral Root

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6
Q

The ANS is a one neuron pathway

  1. True
  2. False
A

False- it is a 2 neuron pathway divided between a preganglionic and postganglionic fiber

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7
Q

Diffused and Prolonged describes:

  1. Sympathetic
  2. Parasympathetic
A

Sympathetic

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8
Q

Preganglionic fibers are short and postganglionic fibers are long

  1. Sympathetic Nervous System
  2. Parasympathetic Nervous System
A

Sympathetic Nervous System

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9
Q

As a sympathetic response, what does the adrenal medulla release?

A

Chromaffin Cells -release neurotransmitters into the blood- epinephrine(80%) or norepinephrine (20%)

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10
Q

Craniosacral:

  1. Sympathetic
  2. Parasympathetic
A

Parasympathetic

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11
Q

What is an Atypical release of the Sympathetic Nervous system

  1. Epinephrine
  2. Norepinephrine
  3. Acetylcholine
A

Acetylcholine, which is usually released to sweat glands. Norepinephrine is typical.

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12
Q

What are the two types of cholinergic receptors?

A

Nicotinic and Muscarinic

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a factor determining the response to adrenergic or cholinergic stimulation

  1. Concentration of neurotransmitter/hormone
  2. Receptor Population of target Cell
  3. Specific Nature of Target Cells
  4. None of the above
A

None of the above

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14
Q

Dilation of the pupil is known as

A

mydriasis (occurs as a sympathetic response)

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15
Q

Which of the following is not a response to the sympathetic system?

  1. Inhibition of lacrimal glands
  2. Decreased Ionotrophy
  3. Hepatocytes break down glycogen into glucose
  4. Inhibit Contraction of Bladder Muscle
A

Decreased Ionotrophy. There is an increase in ionotrophy

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16
Q

The Sympathetic Nervous system promotes contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of blood vessels

  1. True
  2. False
A

False- there is constriction of blood vessels (with the exception of blood vessels in skeletal muscle)

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17
Q

Which of the following is not a response of the parasympathetic system?

  1. Contraction of ciliary muscle in eyeball
  2. Increased tear production
  3. Insulin production by pancrease
  4. Decreased function of GI tract
A

Decreased function of GI tract

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18
Q

Blood Vessels and Sweat glands have no parasympathetic innervation

  1. True
  2. False
19
Q

Sympatholytics are:

  1. Sympathetic Stimulants
  2. Sympathetic Blockers
A

Sympathetic Blockers

20
Q

Found between post-ganglionic parasympathetic neuron and terminal effector cell:

  1. Muscarinic
  2. Nicotinic
A

Muscarinic

21
Q

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is used for peripheral effects:

  1. Mestinon
  2. Cognex
  3. Aricept
  4. Pilocarpine
22
Q

Pilocarpine and Urecholine are both forms of _______ receptor agonist

  1. Muscarinic
  2. Nicotinic
A

Muscarinic

23
Q

The muscarinic receptor antagonists M1, 4, and 5 are associated with

  1. Heart
  2. Liver
  3. CNS
  4. Smooth muscle & Exocrine Glands
24
Q 
Which muscarinic receptor antagonist is used for an overactive bladder?
1. Atropine
2 Tansderm-Scop
3. Atrovent
4. Ditropan
A

Ditropan- it limits contractility

25
Vecuronium, Pancuronium, and Cisatracurium are all ______ receptor antagonists 1. Muscarinic 2. Nicotinic
Nicotinic
26
Reuptake occurs in parasympathetic neurons 1. True 2. False
False
27
Which of the following is the correct order for synthesis of norepinephrine: 1. Tyrosine-dopamine-dopa-NE 2. Tyrosine-dopa-dopamine-NE 3. Dopa-dopamine-tyrosine-NE 4. Dopamine-dopa-tyrosine-NE
Tyrosine-dopa-dopamine-NE
28
Which of the following receptors cause contraction of vascular and genitourinary smooth muscle? 1. Alpha 1 2. Alpha 2 3. Beta 1 4. Beta 2
Alpha 1
29
Which of the following receptors inhibits NE release by the presynaptic receptor (negative feedback)? 1. Alpha 1 2. Alpha 2 3. Beta 1 4. Beta 2
Alpha 2
30
Which adrenergic receptor is responsible for increased ionotrophy and chronotrophy and AV node conduction velocity? 1. Beta 1 2. Beta 2 3. Beta 2
Beta 1
31
During a sympathetic response and stimulation of Beta-2 receptor, there is relaxation/dilation of bronchiolar airways and dilation of smooth muscles in blood vessels that supply skeletal muscles 1. True 2. False
True
32
Which is specific for serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine? 1. MAO-A 2. MAO-B
MAO-A
33
Enzymes that account for degradation of circulating catecholamines? 1. MAO 2. COMT
COMT
34
Beta 1 and Beta 2 effects at low concentrations, alpha 1 effects at high concentration 1. Norepinephrine 2. Epinephrine 3. Dopamine
Epinephrine
35
Which of the following is not an effect of norepinephrine? 1. Increased blood pressure (diastolic and systolic) 2. Decreased heart rate 3. Vasodilation of periphery 4. Increased stroke volume
Vasodilation of periphery
36
Levophed is the brand name for 1. Epinephrine 2. Norepinephrine 3. Dopamine
Norepinephrine
37
Dilation of renal, mesenteric, and coronary blood vessels occurs with dopamine at 1. High Concentration 2. Low Concentration
Low Concentration
38
Tyramine is a _______ sympathomimetic 1. Direct 2. Indirect 3. Mixed
Indirect
39
Amphetamine is a potent adrenoreceptor in the CNS 1. True 2. False
True. It also has similar effects to tyramine, inhibits MAO, and is a peripheral alpha and beta agonist
40
Tricyclic antidepressants inhibit alpha-adrenergic receptors 1. True 2. False
True (it has some antagonistic effects)
41
Elavil is an example of: 1. Indirect Sympathomimetic 2. Monoamine Oxidase inhibitor 3. Mixed Sympathomimetic 4. None of the above
Mixed Sympathomimetic (tricyclic antidepressant)
42
Eldepryl is a _______MAO inhibitor 1. Selective 2. Non-selective
Selective for MAO-B. Nardil is a non-selective inhibitor.
43
Catapres (clonodine) is a ______ agonist 1. Alpha 2 2. Alpha 1
Alpha 2 (decreases blood pressure in CNS )

Bioscience (6 decks)

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