Quiz 2 - Terms Flashcards
WW I continued
2nd Ypres
This was the battle where the Germans used chlorine gas for the first time on the Allied. Firsted they gassed the French trenches and they had to retrated. And the Canadian troops had to defend Kitchener’s Woods. Then they gassed the Canadians, but they urinated on a handkerchief and were mostly safe from the chlorine gas and stayed in their trenches. Lastly the Germans gas the British trenches which caused them to retreat. Later that night the Germans thought no one was in the trenches. But when they got close enough the Canadians troops across all of the trenches shot them with their machine guns. The Canadians were able to hold the line for three days until they got support. Because of this battle the Canadians got a reputation for their courage/bravery.
Ammunition Shelf
Stores extra ammunition in the trench
Artillery
different types of weapons made up the artillery of WWI. Guns had a long barrel and shot almost directly at their target. Howitzers had a shorter barrel and fired their projectiles in a curved trajectory. Mortars had a short barrel, a higher curved trajectory and were mainly placed in trenches.
Attrition
The First World War is often perceived as a war of attrition, a conflict in which each side tried to wear the other down by killing as many of its men as possible.
Bluebird
they were women who all dressed in blue, nun-like outfits and were given a bird name and went overseas to be nurses and ambulance drivers.
Robert Borden
he was Canada’s prime minister from 1911 to 1920. He was a part of the conservative party. To ensure victory for conscription, Borden introduced two laws to skew the voting towards the government. The law also gave female relatives of servicemen the vote. Thus, the 1917 election was the first federal election in which some women were allowed to vote.
CEF
the Canadian Expeditionary Force was the entire overseas force fielded by Canada during the First World War.
Cannon
Fires a shell over a long arc and most likely hits its target head-on
Communication trench
a trench that provides protected passage between the rear and front lines of a defensive position
Cooties
the nickname American soldiers gave to body lice
Deported
To send back to one’s country of origin
Douglas Haig
Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig (1861–1928) was a British military leader who commanded the British Expeditionary Force during World War I. He is a controversial figure, known for his leadership on the Western Front, particularly during the battles of the Somme and Passchendaele, which resulted in significant British casualties. Haig’s strategy of attrition has been criticized for its high cost in lives. Despite this, some historians argue that his leadership played a role in the Allied victory in 1918. Haig was also involved in post-war activities, such as organizing the British Legion to support former servicemen
Duckboard
Duckboards were first used at Ploegsteert Wood, Ypres in December 1914. They were used throughout the First World War being usually placed at the bottom of the trenches to cover the sump-pits, the drainage holes which were made at intervals along one side of the trench.
Dugout:
Area to rest and sleep in the trench
Enemy Alien
was the term used to describe citizens of states legally at war with the British Empire, and who resided in Canada during the war. These included immigrants from the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria.
Fire Step
So that soldiers in front-line trenches could fire through the parapet, a fire-step was dug into the forward side of the trench. The fire-step was 2 or 3 ft high. It was on this that the sentries stood. It was also used by the whole unit when standing-to (an anticipated enemy attack).
Franics Pegahmagabow
Francis Pegahmagabow was a highly-effective sniper and scout in the First World War, and his military service and passionate advocacy for Indigenous rights continue to be an inspiration to his Nishnaabe community. He was among the earliest enlistees following the declaration of war.
Front line trench
Front line in the battle
Habeas Corpus
a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure the person’s release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention.
Henry Norwest
one of the most famous Canadian snipers in the First World War was a Métis marksman who went by the name of Henry Louis Norwest. In his nearly three years of service with the 50th Canadian Infantry Battalion, the lance-corporal achieved a sniping record of 115 fatal shots.
Internment Camp
People were held in camps across the country. More than 8,500 people were interned during the First World War and as many as 24,000 during the Second World War — including some 12,000 Japanese Canadians. Internment is the forcible confinement or detention of a person during wartime.
