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Anesthesiology > Quiz 2 (Injectable Anesthetics/Intubation) > Flashcards

Quiz 2 (Injectable Anesthetics/Intubation) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of injectable anesthetics?

A

Used for induction of general anesthesia in small and large animals

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2
Q

What is another purpose of injectable anesthetics?

A

May be used alone for short surgical or diagnostic procedures

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3
Q

Once injected how long are the effects of injectable anesthetics?

A

until the anesthetic is metabolized and excreted by the animal’s body

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4
Q

What is the concern with giving more than the anesthetic dose with injectable anesthetics?

A

may cause an increased amount of anesthetic with in the muscles leading to overdose amount

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5
Q

What are some examples of anesthetic drugs?

A
  • Propofol
  • Dissociative Anesthetics
  • Alfaxalone
  • Etomidate
  • Guaifenesin
  • Ultra-Short-Acting Barbiturates
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6
Q

Propofol characteristics (2)

A
  1. Relatively new ultra-short acting injectable anesthetic

2. Used for induction or as sole agent in short anesthetic procedures

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7
Q

What can propoflo be use in the treatment of?

A

status epilepticus

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8
Q

What are the effects of propoflo? (6)

A
  1. CNS depression
  2. Respiratory depression
  3. Cardiovascular depression
  4. Moderate muscle relaxation
  5. Poor analgesia
  6. Transient excitation
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9
Q

What kinds of transient excitation can propflo cause?

A
  1. paddling
  2. muscle twitching
  3. nystagmus
  4. rigid extension of neck and forelimb muscles
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10
Q

How often can propoflo be given?

A

repeatedly w/o adverse effects

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11
Q

What does propoflo contain that gives it poor storage characteristics?

A

soybean oil, egg lecithin, and glycerol

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12
Q

What does propoflo 28 contain to help extend its punctured shelf life?

A

benzyl alcohol

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13
Q

What can perivascular injection of propoflo cause?

A

Discomfort

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14
Q

What is the preferred induction agent for cesarean section?

A

propoflo

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15
Q

What is the administration technique for propoflo?

A

over 50 seconds

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16
Q

What is an example of dissociative anesthetics?

A
  1. ketamine

2. tiletamine

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17
Q

dissociative anestheia?

A

animal may seem awake but is unaware of its surroundings

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18
Q

What kind of state of mind do dissociative anesthetics induce?

A

catalepsy

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19
Q

Catalepsy

A

animal does not respond to external stimuli and exhibits muscle rigidity

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20
Q

What medical condition should you not use dissociative anesthetics with?

A

seizures

21
Q

How do dissociative anesthetics work?

A

Instead of suppressing neurons in the CNS, it will stimulate certin neurons with in the CNS that lead to suppression of inhibitory neurons.

22
Q

What are the effects of dissociative anesthetics? (7)

A
  1. Poor muscle relaxation
  2. Swallowing and laryngeal reflexes may persist throughout anesthesia
  3. May precipitate seizures
  4. Provide no visceral analgesia
  5. May produce apneustic respiration
  6. No cardiovascular system depression
  7. May increase salivary and respiratory secretions
23
Q

What drug when given with dissociative anesthetics can promote muscle relaxation

A

benzodiazapines

24
Q

Apneustic breathing pattern

A

Will breath in and hold breath for a few seconds

25
Q

What could dissociative anesthetics possible worsten?

A

current arrhythmia

26
Q

What can dissociative anesthetics help prevent?

A

windup

27
Q

windup

A

an exaggerated response to low intensity pain stimuli that resluts in worstening of postoperative pain

28
Q

what are dissociative anesthetics used in combination with?

A

Use in combination with a tranquilizer/sedative

29
Q

what should you apply to eyes when using dissociative anesthetics?

A

Apply ophthalmic lubricant to eyes

30
Q

what can dissociative anesthetics cause when given IM?

A

tissue irritation

31
Q

what sensitivities can dissociative anesthetics cause during recovery?

A

hypersensitive to touch, light, and sound

32
Q

which trauma should you not administer dissociative anesthetics to

A

head trauma

33
Q

which anesthetic drug is meatabolize by the liver and excreted by the kidney?

A

dissociative anesthetics

34
Q

what is the administation techinique for dissociative anesthetics?

A

10 - 15 seconds by IV injection

35
Q

Which is the recently introduce injectable anesthetic

A

Alfaxalone

36
Q

What are the effects of alfaxalone?

A

Produces a rapid, short-lasting anesthetic effect with minimal side effects

37
Q

Which injectable anesthetic is alfaxalone similar to?

What is the adavantage of alfaxalone?

A
  • Propofol

- Less of a negative effect on the cardiovascular system

38
Q

How is alfaxalone administered?

A

Labeled for IV administration but can be given IM

39
Q

what kind of excitation can be seen during recovery ?

A

Transient

40
Q

What is the administration technique for alfaxalon

A

over 15 seconds

41
Q

Which injectable anesthetic is an ultra-short-acting induction agent

A

Etomidate

42
Q

what kind of effect does etomidate have on the cardiovascular system?

A

minimal

43
Q

which injectable anesthetic is the drug of choice for animals with sever heart disease?

A

etomidate

44
Q

what can etomidate cause when injected? (3)

A
  1. Can cause pain at IV injection
  2. nausea
  3. vomiting
45
Q

What does guaifenesin help to facilitate?

A
  1. induction
  2. intubation
  3. recovery
46
Q

j

A

kn

47
Q

How is guaifenesin used to produce an anesthetic effect?

A

in combination with ketamine or alpha 2 agonist (Xylaxine and detomidine)

48
Q

What is the purpose for endotracheal intubation? (5)

A
  1. Best way to deliver inhalant anesthetics
  2. Ensures an open airway
  3. Facilitates accurate administration of anesthetic agents
  4. Allows controlled ventilation of lungs
  5. Prevents aspiration of debris into lungs
49
Q

What are the possible complications with endotracheal intubation? (6)

A
  1. Esophageal intubation
  2. Oral trauma
  3. Tracheitis
  4. Tracheal necrosis and stenosis
  5. Endobronchial intubation
  6. Laryngospasm

Anesthesiology (8 decks)

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