Quiz 2 Development Gap Flashcards
“The unjust economic and socio-political structures, that distort and constrain the development process”
(Umali in Dacanay, 2001)
The UNJUST economic and SOCIO-POLITICAL structures, that DISTORT and CONSTRAIN the development process
Development Gap
The penchant/liking of governments in using NATIONAL ECONOMIC INDICATORS in identifying the development status of the country.
DISTORTED
DISTORTED.
High _______ rate, however, does not always translate to _________ quality of life of poor families (no trickle down effect)
GNP ; improved
DISTORTED.
National economic indicators do not always show whether the fruits of economic progress are distributed __________.
EQUITABLY
” Development process has always been distorted, resulting in prosperity for some but continued poverty for many other”.
Midgley, 2014
Development gap PERPETUATES/sustain a structure that promotes poor people’s feeling of helplessness and dependence on the elite.
CONSTRAINING
CONSTRAINING.
________ the poor sector to actively participate in community development (left behind since being discriminated, disadvantaged, and deprived).
PREVENTS
CONSTRAINING.
Resources that could be used for more productive means are ________ in mitigating social problems instead of delivering better social services to improve the lives of the poor .
DIVESTED/deprived
Who are left behind?
- Women and girls
- People in the rural areas
- IPs
- Ethnic and linguistic minorities
- PWDs
- Migrants
- Gender and sexual minorities
- Youth
- Older people
The government is mandated to implement programs to ensure the rights of the Filipino poor to FOOD, WORK, EDUCATION, HOUSING, and HEALTHCARE which will be met under a new law signed by president Duterte.
MAGNA CARTA OF THE POOR
MAGNA CARTA OF THE POOR = RA _______
RA 11291, Section 3a
Who are the 10 marginalized under the magna carta of the poor?
- Farmer-peasants
- Fisherfolk
- Workers in the formal sector including migrant
workers - Workers in the informal sector
- Indigenous people and cultural communities
- Women
- PWDs
- Senior citizens
- Victims of calamities/natural and human-induced
disasters - Youth
Why are people left behind?
absolute deprivation & Relative disadvantage
live below accepted standards of security, income, public services, infrastructure or well-being
ABSOLUTE DEPRIVATION
facing exclusion, discrimination and/or entrenched INEQUALITIES, less able to gain influence, get educated, survive setbacks, acquire wealth, access job markets or technologies, have shorter and riskier lives, rank below median in SDG outcomes and opportunities
RELATIVE DISADVANTAGE
Five Disadvantages and deprivations
DSSGG
1. Discrimination
2. Socio-Economic Status
3. Shocks and Fragility
4. Geography
5.Governance
People experience exclusion, bias or mistreatment in laws, policies, access to public services and social practices due to their identity (ascribed or assumed).
DISCRIMINATION
4 FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION
SSDH
1. Stigma
2. Shame
3. Discriminatory Acts
4. Human Rights Violation
People lack the opportunities and capabilities to earn an adequate and decent income, accumulate wealth or otherwise and equitably participate in their economy and society.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS
People are vulnerable to risks related to violence, conflict, displacement, large movements of migrants, environmental degradation, natural hazard induced disasters and climate events, health shocks such as epidemics and pandemics.
SHOCKS AND FRAGILITY
People are denied social and economics opportunities, human security and/or quality public services based on their place of residence.
GEOGRAPHY
GIDA meaning
Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas
Hinders of Geography
- GIDA
- GESDA
- Digital Exclusion
GESDA meaning
Geographically, Economically, and Socially Disadvantaged Areas
People set back by global, national and/or sub-national institutions that are ineffective, unjust, exclusive, corrupt, unaccountable and/or unresponsive; and/or by laws, policies and budgets that are inequitable, discriminatory ore repressive.
GOVERNANCE
commonly associated with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),
“Leave no one behind,”
3 LEVERS OF CHANGE OF LEAVE NO ONE BEHIND
EXAMINE
EMPOWER
ENACT
- WHY are people left behind?
- Understand and address the drivers that leave people behind
- COLLECT and use aggregated data and people-driven information
EXAMINE
- MOBILIZATION
- Policies, laws, reforms, and interventions must be IMPLEMENTED to confront the drivers that leave people behind across SDGs.
- Duty-bearers and rights-holders will both need to shape, deliver and improve policies aimed at curbing inequalities and upholding standards of well-being.
ENACT
- To achieve SDGs, people left behind mus be full, equal agents of sustainable development.
- Ensure meaningful participation in decision making and establish safe and inclusive mechanism for their civic engagement.
- people are well oriented of their CAPACITIES, ABILITIES, and VULNERABILITIES (CAV)
EMPOWER
Development must provide opportunities to broaden individual’s capacity ______ and _____
TO DO; TO BE
the power and the ability to enable individuals
to perform the things they want to do to pursue better life
TO DO
opportunities and resources to attain an
individual’s aspirations for better life
TO BE
Everyone benefits from the same support
EQUALITY
Everyone gets the support they need; SOCIAL JUSTICE is present
EQUITY
CALL FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
LIBERATION
PARTICIPATION AND EMPOWERMENT
INCLUSION
who is the proponent for CAPABILITY APPROACH?
AMARTYA SEN
Ability to Act and Freedom to Pursue
TO DO
External Factors: Resources and opportunities
TO BE
Amartya Sen suggests that people must understand one’s capacity TO DO and TO BE
CAPABILITY APPROACH
is a government agency in the Philippines that coordinates efforts to REDUCE POVERTY and is a set of programs aimed at improving the lives of POOR COMMUNITIES through reforms in areas like education, health, and housing
The National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC) and the Social Reform Agenda
are 17 global goals set by the UNITD NATIONS to make the world better by 2030. They focus on things like ending poverty, improving health, ensuring quality education, protecting the planet, and promoting peace.
Sustainable Development Goals
Through a whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach, it was formulated in collaboration with national government agencies, local government units, the private sector, stakeholders groups, civil society, and development partners.
PHILIPPINE DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2023-2028
GOAL OF PDP ‘23-‘28.
The PDP aims to _______ and ______ by steering the Philippine economy back to its high-growth trajectory and effect economic and social transformation for a _____, _______, and _______ society
reinvigorate job creation
accelerate poverty reduction
prosperous, inclusive, resilient
