Quiz 2 B Flashcards by stacey Childs

Lines the upper lids and is clear, with many small blood vessels. It forms a deep recess and then fold back over the eye

Palpebral conjunctiva

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Overlays the eyeball, with the light Scalera showing through. At the limbus, it emerges with the cornea.

Bulbar Conjunctiva

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Window of the eye; permits entrance of light, which passes through the lens to the retina; well supplied with nerve endings which makes it responsive to pain and touch___

Cornea

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Receptive layer of the eye and lightwaves are changed into nerve impulses. Surrounds soft, gelatinous ___ humor

Retina

Vitreous

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Tears drain into the____, visible on the upper and lower lids at the inner cantus

Puncta

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At the corner of the eye, the angle where the lids meet

Canthus

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At the inner canthus, the___is a Small, fleshy mass containing sebaceous glands

Caruncle

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The exposed part of the eye that is the transparent protective covering

Conjunctiva

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Keeps the conjunctiva and cornea moist and lubricated

Lacrimal apparatus

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The lacrimal gland which secretes tears is located in the___ __corner of the eye

Upper outer

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Pupil size decreases, lens loses elasticity, and becomes hard and glasslike

Aging

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With aging lacrimal gland ___causes decreased tear production and a feeling of dryness and burning

Involutes

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____Protein to debris. Spot seen and front eyes; common among clients with myopia or over 40 years of age. Due to___

Floaters after\spots.

Aging

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Halos around lights occur with acute

Narrow-angle glaucoma

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___Blind spot surrounded by an area of normal or decreased peripheral vision, occurs with glaucoma, and or optic nerve disorders.

Scotoma

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The inability to tolerate light (some common eye diseases cause no pain. e.g. Cataract, glaucoma)___

Photophobia

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A deviation in the axis of the eye

Strabismus

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The perception of two images of a single object

Diplopia

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Increased intraocular pressure

Cataract

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A shadow or diminished vision and one quadrant or one half of visual field
Acute onset of floaters (shade or cobwebs)

Retinal detachment

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The most common and accurate measurement of visual acuity with lines that are arranged and decreasing size

Snellen chart

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Aging change: lens loses ability to adjust for vision changes to look closely-decreased ability to read

Presbyopia

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Visual function reflects: person looks at far object and then near object and eyes converge in constrict

Accommodation

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Clouding of Crystaline lenses or and is envelope. Lens yellows and loses it’s ability to focus. Starts developed by 40

Cataract

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Deterioration of central area of retina

macular degeneration

Damage to optic nerve from increased intraocular pressure

Glaucoma

Eyebrows, eyelids and Plashes, eyeballs, conjunctiva and Scalera, lachrymal apparatus, Gen. observation; these are all which type of inspection___

External ocular structures

Cornea, lens, Iris, pupil C-L-I-P What type of inspection

Anterior eyeball structures

Size and shape, pupillary light reflex, accommodation are examinations of what structure?

Iris and pupil

Snellen eye chart and Jager test for near vision test for what?

Central vision acuity

Corneal light reflex, cover test, diagnostic position test. These test what?

Extraocular muscle function

Normal visual reflex of pupil when light shines on it, what will happen to the pupil?

Constrict

Test visual fields for gross peripheral vision.

Confrontation test

Refers to redish-orange reflection from the retina when observed from and ophthalmoscope

Read reflex

Should be round two oval with sharp, well-defined borders; normally creamy, yellow-orange to pink and approximately 1.5 mm wide

Optic disc

Darker area, 01 disk diameter and size, located to temporal side of optic disc. Damage can result in loss of central vision

Macula

False appearance of cross eyes

Pseudostrabismus

Turning inward of eye

Esotropia

Turning outward of eye

Exotropia

White or gray, opaque ring and corneal margin (preferable corneal opacity), or white ring in front of for free of iris. DOES NOT MEAN PERSON HAS CATARACT PROBLEMS

Arcus Senilis

Drooping Eye (can affect persons ability to seeing due to the droop)

Ptosis

Puffy eyes or swelling around the eyes; appearance of swelling in tissue around eyes

Periorbital edema

Glands and ducts that served to lubricate the eye

Lacrimal apparatus

Located in the upper outer corner of the orbital cavity just above the eye; produces tears

Lacrimal gland

Dense protective white covering that physically supports internal structure of the Eye

Sclera

Permits entrance a light, which passes through the lens to the retinal

Cornea

Circular disk of muscle containing pigment that determines I color

Iris

Central aperture of the iris; controls the amount of light entering the eye and adjust for near vision and Dilates when far vision is needed

Pupil

Regulates black-and-white vision

Cones

Function and Brightlight; sensitive to color

Cones

Nerve fibers from the nasal quadrant of each retina (from both temporal visual fields) cross over to the opposite side

Optic chiasma

Causes pupils immediately to constrict when exposed to Brightlight; can be seen as direct reflex, in which constriction occurs in eye expose light, or as indirect\consensual reflex, in which exposure to lay in one eye result in constriction of the pupil in the opposite Eye

Pupillary light reflex

Excessive tearing

Epiphora

COLDSPA | Should be asked

Character, onset, location, duration, severity, pattern, associated factor\how it affects client

Pinpoint pupils; characterized by constricted and fixed pupils-. Possibly a result of narcotic drugs or brain-damaged

Miosis

Dilated and fixed pupils; typically resulting from central nervous system injury, circulatory collapse, or anesthesia

Mydriasis

Mydriatic drugs do what

Dilate pupils

Miotic drugs do what

Constricted pupils Hint: miotiC= Constriction

20/50 What does that represent

20-Distance in feet from the chart (What client sees) | 50-What a normal person sees it 50 feet

Convergence of the eyes

Accommodate

What is normal during the accommodation test

Eyes converge as object moves towards that nose

What occurs during the confrontation test

Both client and examiner see examine his finger at the same time

Right Eye

Left Eye

OD 20\40, OS 20\30 what does this indicate

Vision worse in the right eye

What does the diagnostic position test

6 positions | Normal response is parallel tracking of the object

What do blurred margin of the optic disc indicate

Papilledemia or swelling

Assessing parallel alignment of client eyes occurs with what test

Corneal light reflex

This test is performed when there is a crushing injury of the eye

Six cardinal position of gaze test

Hyperemia of the optic disc due to an accumulation of blood

Papilledema

A cover test assesses what

Proper alignment of that

In a consensual I test, what position should alight be focused

Obliquely into one eye while examining the reflex of the other

During and ophthalmic examination light colored spots (exudate) are seen on the retinal background. What is this an indication of

Hypertension or diabetes

With Scotma constant blind spots may indicate what

Possible retinal detachment

A young child appears to have an inward turning of the eye. What does should be performed to determine if this is normal

Corneal light reflex

Staphylococcus eyelid infection

Blepharitis

Stye (infection of lower eyelashes)

Hordeolum

Infection of meibomain gland and lower lid

Chalazion

Part of the eye that covers the pupil and does not have vessels

Cornea

Farsightedness (difficult seeing nearobjects then distant objects)

Hyperopia

Condition where eyes are not properly aligned with each other

Strabismus

Preferred test for external ocular movement

Positions test\diagnostic test

Impaired far vision

Myopia

Protrusion of the eyeballs accompanied by retracted eyelid margins

Exophthalmos

Pupils are normally which size in millimeters

3-5 mm

Nurse is conducting a red reflex test in looking for redish-orange reflection from the eyes retina. The retina does not appear normal, round with regular borders. What is the most likely cause

Cataract

People that see near by objects with clarity while distant objects appear blurred

Myopia

Can be thought of as the film in a camera

Retina

Nurse cannot visualize the clients red reflex via a funduscopic examination. What might this indicate

Cataracts

First question the nurse should ask the patient is

Have you had visions changes

Corneal reflex is mediated by which cranial nerves

V & VII

Normal accommodation test

Constriction and convergence

To assess tear ducts you must

Gently palpate them at the inner canthus

Checking visual acuity of a patient in vision changes due to the length of the globe Of the eye being longer than normal are present so that the images not focus directly on the retina. Condition is called

Myopia

A person with crossed eyes would it have what kind of test performed

Cover test

Inverted lower lid which causes eyelashes to brush up against the conjunctiva and cornea

Entropian

Inverted lower eyelid that result in exposure and drying of the cornea. Interferes with tear drainage

Ectropian

Shows and opaque gray surrounded by black background as it forms the center of the lens nucleus. Looks like a black center against a red reflex

Nuclear cataract-Central gray opacity

Shows as asymmetric, radio, white specs with black Center. Through up Famel scope, black spokes are evident against the red reflex. This forms in outer cortex of lens, progressing faster than the other type

Cortical cataract-star shaped opacity

Two different size pupils

Anisocoria

Older adults have an increased risk of falls and fractures due to ___visual acuity of___ or greater

Distance. | 20\25

Cornea may look cloudy with age. This is a gray-white arc or circle around the limbus. Due to deposits of lipid material. No effect and vision

Arcus senilis

____Inflammation of the lachrymal sac. Infection and blockage of sack and duct. Pain, warmth, redness, and swelling occur below the inner ____the nose. Tearing is present. Pressure on sack yields purulent discharge from ___

Dacryocystitis. Canthus Puncta

___is the gradual loss of your eyes' ability to focus actively on nearby objects. It's a natural, often annoying part of aging that usually becomes noticeable in your early to mid-40s and continues to worsen until around age 65.

Presbyopia