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Comparative Anatomy > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

6 cranial and lateral muscles of the forearm (antebrachii)

A
  • extensor carpi radialis
  • common digital extensor
  • lateral digital extensor
  • ulnaris lateralis
  • supinator
  • abductor digiti I longus
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2
Q

6 caudal and medial muscles of the forearm

A
  • pronator teres
  • flexor carpi radialis
  • superficial digital flexor
  • pronator quadratus
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • deep digital flexor
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3
Q

3 caudal thigh muscles

A
  • Biceps Femoris
  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosus
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4
Q

4 medial thigh muscles

A
  • Sartorius
  • Gracilis
  • Pectineus
  • Adductor
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5
Q

4 lateral pelvis muscles

A
  • Tensor Fasciae Latae
  • Superficial Gluteal
  • Middle Gluteal
  • Deep Gluteal
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6
Q

7 caudal hip muscles

A
  • Internal Obturator
  • Gemilli
  • Quadratus Femoris
  • External Obturator
  • Quadriceps Femoris
  • Illiopsoas
  • Sartorius
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7
Q

3 craniolateral leg muscles

A
  • Cranial Tibial
  • Long Digital Extensor
  • Fibularis Longus
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8
Q

4 caudal leg muscles

A
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Superficial Digital Flexor
  • Deep Digital Flexors
  • Popliteus
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9
Q

Organs protected by pelvic girdle

A
  • Uterus
  • Bladder
  • Rectum
  • Small Intestine
  • Reproductive organs
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10
Q

What are the 2 muscles of adductor

A

o Adductor Magnus et Brevis

o Adductor Longus

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11
Q

What are the 2 muscles of Illiopsoas

A

o Illiacus

o Psoas Major

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12
Q

What are the lymph nodes

A
  • mandibular lymph nodes
  • superficial cervical lymph node
  • accessory axillary lymph node
  • inguinal lymph node
  • popliteal lymph node
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13
Q

What is the femoral triangle

A
  • Sartorius
  • Pectineus
  • Adductor
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14
Q

What are the retinaculum of the thoracic and pelvic limbs

A 
thoracic:
- extensor retinaculum
pelvic:
- crural extensor retinaculum
-tarsal extensor retinaculum
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15
Q

Inguinal ring male/female

A

male: vaginal tunic
female: vaginal process

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16
Q

extensor carpi radialis o

A

lateral supracondylar crest

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17
Q

common digital extensor o

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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18
Q

lateral digital extensor o

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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19
Q

ulnaris lateralis o

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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20
Q

supinator o

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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21
Q

abductor digiti I longus o

A

lateral border and cranial surface of the body of the ulna

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22
Q

pronator teres o

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

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23
Q

flexor carpi radialis o

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus
+
the medial border of the radius

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24
Q

superficial digital flexor o

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

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25
pronator quadratus attachements
apposed surfaces of the radius and the ulna
26
flexor carpi ulnaris o
ulnar head – the caudal border and medial surface of the olecranon humeral head – the medial epicondyle of the humerus
27
deep digital flexor o
humeral head – the medial epicondyle of the humerus, ulnar head – caudal border of the ulna, radial head – medial border of the radius
28
biceps femoris o/i
* Origin: sacrotuberous ligament and ischiatic tuberosity * Insertion: by means of the fascia lata and crural fascia to the patella, patellar ligament, and cranial border of the tibia, by means of the crucal fascia to the subcutaneous part of the tibial body, the tuber calcanei
29
semitendinosus o/i
* Origin: ischiatic tuberosity * Insertion: distocranial border of the tibia. The medial surface of the body of the tibia and the tuber calcanei by means of the crural fascia
30
semimembranosus o/i
* Origin: ischiatic tuberosity | * Insertion: distal medial lip of the caudal rough surface of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia
31
sartorius o/i
• Origin: cranial part – the crest of the illium and the thoracolumbar fascia, caudal part – the cranial ventral iliac spine and the adjacent ventral border of the ilium • Insertion: cranial part – the patella, in common with the rectus femoris of the quadriceps, caudal part – the cranial border of the tibia, in common with gracilis
32
gracilis o/i
* Origin: pelvic symphysis by means of the symphysial tendon | * Insertion: cranial border of the tibia and, with the biceps femoris and semitendinosus, the tuber calcanei
33
pectineus o/i
* Origin: from the iliopubic eminence and the pubic tubercle via the prepubic tendon * Insertion: distal end of the medial lip of the caudal rough face of the femur
34
adductor o/i
* Origin: entire pelvic symphysis by means of the symphysial tendon, the adjacent part of the ischiatic arch, and the ventral surface of the pubis and ischium * Insertion: entire lateral lip of the caudal rough face of the femur 
35
tensor fasciae latae o/i
* Origin: tuber coxae and adjacent part of the ilium, aponeurosis of the middle gluteal muscle * Insertion: lateral femoral fascia
36
superficial gluteal o/i
* Origin: lateral border of the sacrum and the first caudal vertebra, partly by means of the sacrotuberous ligament, the cranial dorsal iliac spine by means of the deep gluteal fascia * Insertion: third trochanter
37
middle gluteal o/i
* Origin: crest and gluteal surface of the ilium | * Insertion: greater trochanter
38
deep gluteal o/i
* Origin: body of the ilium, ischiatic spine | * Insertion: cranial aspect of the greater trochanter
39
internal obturator o/i
* Origin: symphysis pelvis and dorsal surface of the ischium and pubis * Insertion: trochanteric fossa of the femur
40
gemili o/i
* Origin: lateral surface of the ischium, caudal to the acetabulum and ventral to the lesser ischiatic notch * Insertion: trochanteric fossa
41
quadratus femoris o/i
* Origin: ventral surface of the caudal part of the ischium | * Insertion: intertrochanteric crest
42
external obturator o/i
* Origin: ventral surface of the pubis and ischium | * Insertion: trochanteric fossa
43
quadriceps femoris o/i
* Origin: rectus femoris – ilium, vasti muscles – proximal femur * Insertion: tibial tuberosity
44
iliopsoas o/i
• Origin: psoas major – lumbar vertebrae, iliacus – cranioventral ilium • Insertion : lesser trochanter
45
cranial tibial o
• Origin: extensor groove and adjacent articular margin of the tibia, lateral edge of the cranial tibia border
46
long digital extensor o
• Origin: Extensor fossa of the femur
47
fibularis longus o
• Origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal end of the fibula, lateral epicondyles of the femur by means of the lateral collateral ligament of the stifle
48
gastrocnemius o
• Origin: medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of the femur
49
superficial digital flexor o
• Origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur
50
deep digital flexors o
• Origin: caudal aspect of the proximal 2/3s of the tibia, proximal half of the fibula, and the adjacent interosseous membrane
51
popliteus o
• Origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur
52
parts of flexor carpi ulnaris
ulnar head | humeral head
53
parts of deep digital flexor
ulnar head humeral head radial head
54
parts of sartorius
cranial part | caudal part
55
parts of quadricep femoris
rectus femoris | vasti muscles
56
sublumbar muscles
psoas major iliopsoas quadratus lumborum
57
link between sublumbar muscles
They originate from the ventral surface of the caudal thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and insert on the os coxae and femur.
58
rump muscles
* Superficial gluteal * Middle gluteal * Deep gluteal * Tensor fasciae latae
59
link between rump muscles
• They all originate from the ilium and insert on the femur
60
pelvic muscles
* Internal and external obturator * Gemelli * Quadratus femoris
61
link between pelvic muscles
• They originate caudomedial to the hip joint and insert in or near the trochanteric fossa
62
loin and hip muscle groups and how they are divided
- sublumbar muscles - rump muscles - pelvic muscles - divided by groups
63
thigh muscles groups and how they are divided
- cranial thigh muscles - medial thigh muscles - caudal thigh muscles - divided by position
64
cranial thigh muscles
* Rectus femoris * Vastus lateralis * Vastus medialis * Vastus intermedius * Sartorius
65
link between cranial thigh muscles
• They cover all surfaces of femur, except the caudal part, originating from the ox coxae and femur inserting on the tibial tuberosity
66
medial thigh muscles
* Sartorius * Gracilis * Adductor * Pectineus * External obturator
67
link between medial thigh muscles
• They originate from the os coxae and insert on bones of the pelvic limb
68
caudal thigh muscles
* Biceps femoris * Caudal crural abductor * Semitendinosus * Semimembranosus
69
link between thigh muscles
• They originate from the ischiatic tuberosity and insert of the medial and lateral sides of the stifle joint
70
crus muscle groups and how they are divided
- craniolateral muscles - caudal muscles - divided by action
71
craniolateral muscles
* Cranial tibial * Long digital extensor * Fibularis longus
72
link between craniolateral muscles
• They extend the digits and flex the tarsus
73
caudal muscles
* Gastrocnemius * Popliteus * Superficial digital flexor * Deep digital flexor
74
link between caudal muscles
• They flex the digits and extend the tarsus
75
femur of different species
``` • Dog and Pig: o Greater trochanter o Lesser trochanter o Third trochanter o Fabella (sesamoid bones) ``` • Horse: o Greater trochanter o Lesser trochanter o Third trochanter • Ox: o Third trochanter is absent
76
tibula-fibula of different species
* Dog and Pig: not fused * Horse: fibula is shorter, lateral fused with tibia * Ox: head of fibula fused to tibia
77
tarsus of different species
* Dog and Pig: 7 tarsal bones * Horse: 6 tarsal bones * Ox: 5 tarsal bones
78
metatarsus of different species
* Dog and Pig: 4 metatarsal bones | * Horse and Ox: 3 metatarsal bones
79
parts of the pelvic girdle
* 2 hip bones: ox coxae  united at the symphysis pelvis midventrally and join the sacrum dorsally * Ilium (flat bone) * Ischium * Pubis
80
parts of the femur
* Head * Neck * Greater trochanter * Lesser trochanter * Third trochanter * Fovea  site of attachment for ligament of head of femur * Body * Lateral and medial condyle * Lateral and medial epicondyle
81
parts of the tibia
* Articulates with the distal end of the femur * Medial and lateral condyle * Intercondylar eminence * Tibial tuberosity * Cranial border * Body * Medial malleolus
82
parts of the fibula
* Head  articulates with lateral condyle of tibia | * Lateral malleolus  contains tendon of fibularis longus
83
use of the pelvic symphysis
* It joins the pubis and ischium of the 2 hip bones * It’s a secondary cartilaginous joint which ossifies with age * Ossification begins at the pubis and moves caudally
84
use of the sacro-iliac joints
* They combine a synovial joint with an adjacent area of fibrous union * This is thought to allow a firm joint with a degree of shock absorption
85
use of the sacrotuberous ligament
* In the dog, it is a stout cord which runs from the transverse processes of the last sacral and 1st caudal vertebrae to the lateral angle of the ischiatic tuberosity * Serves as point of attachment for biceps femoris muscle * The ligament is absent in the cat
86
use of the hip joint
• It’s a ball-and-socket joint whose movements are flexion and extension
87
use of the ligament of the femoral head
* It’s a thick band of collagenous tissue that extends from the acetabular fossa to the fovea capitis * Prevents dislocation of hip joint
88
use of the transverse acetubular ligament
* It’s a small band that extends from one side of the acetabular notch to the opposite side * It continues to the acetabular lip which deepens the acetabulum to keep the femur head solidly in place
89
ligaments of the stifle
1. Cranial cruciate ligament 2. Meniscofemoral ligament 3. Caudal cruciate ligament 4. Transverse ligament 5. Medial and lateral femoropatellar ligament 6. Lateral collateral ligament 7. Medial collateral ligament 8. Patellar ligament

Comparative Anatomy (6 decks)

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