Quiz 2

Question 1

Phylum chordata includes subphyla vertibrates

Answer 1

Tunicates and lancelets

Question 2

All chordates have

Answer 2

notochord which turns into veterbral column into vertebrates

Question 3

How do tunicates (sea squirts) feed?

Answer 3

Sessile, filter feeders

Question 4

Lancelets

Answer 4

Fish like chordates, infaunal, benthic, suspension feeders

Question 5

Reptiles adapted for success on land then returned to the sea

Answer 5

Marine reptiles

Question 6

reptiles have skin covered with scales made of

Answer 6

Keratin

Question 7

How do reptiles produce heat?

Answer 7

Ectotherms

Question 8

Modern day reptiles include

Answer 8

Crocodiles, turtles, birds, snakes, lizards

Question 9

Producing young by means of an egg that is hatched

Answer 9

Oviparous

Question 10

The type of egg produced by reptiles, birds, and (amniotes), in which the embryo develops inside an amnion. The shell of the egg is either calcium-based or leathery.

Answer 10

Amniotic Egg ( terrestrial adaptation found in reptiles, birds and mammals)

Question 11

Largest living reptiles

Answer 11

Marine Crocodiles

Question 12

Marine crocodiles eat mainly fish and drink salt water eliminating excess salt through

Answer 12

salt glands on their tongues

Question 13

How many species of sea turtles are there?

Answer 13

7

Question 14

Sea Turtles shells are fused to skeleton and made of

Answer 14

Outer layer composed of Keratin and inner layer composed of bone

Question 15

In what ways are sea turtles adapted to sea life?

Answer 15

Shell is light, flat and streamlined
Fatty deposits and spongy bones add buoyancy
Front limbs are modified into flippers
Back limbs used for steering
salt glands above eyes

Question 16

Environmental sex determination (sea turtles)

Answer 16

use incubation temp to determine sex

Question 17

Turtles migrate hundreds to thousands of km and return to

Answer 17

Natal (birth site)beaches to nest

Question 18

Dangers to sea turtles

Answer 18

Beach erosion/alteration
Artificial lighting near natal beaches
Fishing nets trap and kill sea turtles
Hunted by humans
Dogs, cats, racoons prey on eggs

Question 19

Only marine lizard

Answer 19

Marine Iguana (good swimmers, feed on algae, nasal salt glands)

Question 20

Sea snakes are descendants of

Answer 20

Lizards

Question 21

Sea snakes feed on

Answer 21

fish and fish eggs

Question 22

Sea snakes are mostly (ovo)vivparous

Answer 22

Producing young by means of eggs that hatch inside the body of the parent

Question 23

Sea snake adaptations to life in the sea

Answer 23

• Nostrils with valves
• scales reduced or absent
• tail compressed laterally
• Gas exchange through skin (and lung)
• salt gland under tongue

Question 24

Types of seabirds

Answer 24

Shorebirds, pelicans, tubenoses, penguins

Question 25

Convergent evolution

Answer 25

Organisms not closely related independently evolve similar traits from having to evolve to the similar environments.

Question 26

An example of convergent evolution among sea birds

Answer 26

The puffin and the penguin, both have black and white coloring and torpedo shaped bodies, flipper like wings

Question 27

what are some way sea birds have adapted for flight?

Answer 27

``` Endothermic and Homeothermic (maintain body temp) Strong muscles Advanced respiratory/circuatory system Excellent sight, hearing and large brain Weight reduction ```

Question 28

Weight reduction in birds

Answer 28

Hollow bones, reduced gonads, lack of teeth

Question 29

Some ways that sea birds have adapted to life at sea

Answer 29

Salt glands above eyes drain into nasal cavity webbed feet Ability to "fly" under water

Question 30

Examples of Jawless fishes

Answer 30

Hagfish and Lampreys

Question 31

Jawless fish

Answer 31

Lack jaws and have paired fins and scales

Question 32

Hagfish and lampreys have skeletons of

Answer 32

cartilage

Question 33

Hagfish also lack

Answer 33

Vertebrate, lampreys have rudimentary vertibrate

Question 34

Where do Hagfish live and how do they feed?

Answer 34

They are bottom dwellers and scavengers, have a rasping tongue with denticles on it

Question 35

Where do Lampreys live and how do they feed?

Answer 35

Lampreys are anadramous (migratory) and they have an oral disk with denticles, external parasite on fish