Chp.9 Flashcards
Molluscan body plan consists of two major parts
head-foot and visceral mass
Head-foot
Part of body that contains mouth with its sensory organs and a foot
Dorsal visceral mass
contains other organ systems
Mantle
tissue found in molluscs responsible for forming shell, locomotion and gas exchange
Radula
Ribbon of tissue that contains teeth
Chittons
Flattened body covered by eight shell plates
Tusk Shells
Open shell with foot protruding from larger opening, water enters and exits through smaller opening bury themselves in sediments with foot
Univalve
shell composed of a single piece
Whorl
Turn of a gastropod shell around a central axis
Aperature
Opening to gastropod shell
operculum
Structure gastropods have for closing their aperature
Bulb gland
gland located near the mouth of cone snails that produce venom
Deposit feeders
animals that feed on organic material that mixes with mineral deposits
Nudibranchs
Marine gastropods that lack a shell
Cerata
prjections found on nudibranchs that increase the surface area available for gas exchnge
Bivalves
Molluscs that have two hinged shells covering their body
Umbo
Area around hinge, oldest part of shell
Adductor muscles
Closes the two valves of molluscs, wen relaxed they open
Palps
structure near bivalves mouth that form food mass and move to mouth
Byssal Thread
tough threads composed of protein (how Mussels attach)
Cephalopods
octopus and squid (“head”“footed”) foot modified into head like structure
Siphuncle
cord tissue that runs through the chambers of a nautiloid and removes seawater from new chambers as they form
Chromatophores
pigment containing cells that function in color changes (Cephalopods)
Spermatophore
package of sperm
Oviduct
tube that carries eggs to outside of body
Supporting an animals body using fluid contained in the body
Hydrostatic skeleton
Small bristles in the skin of some annelids
Setae; locomotion, digging, anchorage and defense
Polychaetes that are active movers
Errant Polychaetes
Sessile polychaetes
Sedentry Polychaetes
Animals that ingest both organic and mineral particles and then digest organic material
Nonselective deposit feeders
masses of organic material and mineral particles that are defecated by deposit feeders
Casting or fecal casts
Animals that seperate organic material from minerals and then ingest only the organic material
Selective Deposit Feeders
Type of reproduction in some polychaetes that involves the production of a reproductive individual that is adapted for a free swimming existance
Epitoky
Behaviour that bring sexually mature individuals together
Swarming
Chemical releases by female epitokes that stimulate males to shed sperm
Fertilizin
solitary nonsegmented worms
Sipunculids
animals with jointed appendages
Arthropods
hard exterior skeleton
Exoskeleton
Tough polysacharide found in the exoskeltons of Arthropods
Chitin
Process where Arthropods shed old exoskeleton and form a new one
Molting
Appendages found in Chelicerates that are modified for feeding
Chelicera
Body region composed of a fused head and thorax
Cephalothorax
body region of an animal that corresponds to the belly
Abdomen
Long spike used by horseshoe crab for steering and defense
Telson
Sensory sstructures of arthropods
Palps
Arthropods that have appendages called mandibles fro chewing food
Mandibulates
Arthropod appendages modified for swimming
Swimmerets
Claws are
Chelipeds
Anterior pair of appendages in male decapods which are adapted for delivering spermatophores to females
Copulatory pleopods
Planktonic larval stage of some crabs and mantis shrimp
Zoea
Planktonic larval stage of some shrimp and barnacles
Nauplius
Bioluminescent organs found in krill
Photophores
large masses or krill
Swarms
Special appendages found in amphipods that are used for feeding
Gnathopods
Feathery appendages found in barnacles that function in feeding
Cirripeds
Structures on the heads of arrow worms used to catch prey
Grasping spines
INternal skeleton
Endoskeleton
Plates of calcium carbonate that make up enchinoderm endoskeleton
Ossicles
pincher like structures found on skin of echinoderms
Pedicellariae
System of tubes found in echinoderms that circulate water through body and functions in locomotion, feeding, gas exchange and excretion
Water vascular system
Site at which water enters the water vascular system of echinoderms
madreporite
Tube feet
Podia
Side opposite the mouth in an echinoderm
Aboral surface
To cast off a body part in defense (sea stars)
Autotomize
Hard endoskeleton of an echinoid echinoderms
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