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Marine Biology > Chp. 8 > Flashcards

Chp. 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Invertebrates

A

are animals that lack a vertebral column

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2
Q

Vertebrates

A

are animals that have a vertebrate column

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3
Q

Sessile

A

Animals that are permanently attached to a solid surface

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4
Q

Ostia

A

Holes in the body of sponges through which water enter

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5
Q

Spngocoel

A

A cavity in the body of a sponge

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6
Q

Osculum

A

an opening through which a sponge expels water

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7
Q

Tissue

A

Groups of specialized cells that perform a specific function

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8
Q

Choanocytes

A

Flagellated cells in a sponges body that circulate water and trap food

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9
Q

Pinacocytes

A

Cells that make up the outer covering of a sponge and line internal chambers no lined by choanocytes

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10
Q

Archaeocytes

A

Cells that form any of the cell types in the sponge body

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11
Q

Spicules

A

Structures that support a sponges body ( Calcium carbonate, silica or protein)

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12
Q

Spongin

A

Protein that makes up flexible spicules

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13
Q

Asconoid

A

simplest, tubular, always small, clustered, no invaginations

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14
Q

Syconoid

A

single spongocoels containing man invaginations

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15
Q

Leuconoid

A

Multiple spongocoels and chambers leading to them

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16
Q

Suspension feeder

A

organism that feeds on food suspended in the water

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17
Q

Filter feeder

A

an organism that filters its food from the water

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18
Q

Budding

A

A type of asexual reproduction in which a group of cells on the surface of te parent develops onto a new individual

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19
Q

Hermaphrodites

A

Animals that can produce both male and female gametes

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20
Q

Photoperiod

A

Relative amount of light and darkness in a 24 hour period (stimules to produce gametes) temp stim as well

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21
Q

amphiblastula

A

Planktonic larval stage of a sponge

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22
Q

Cnidarian

A

An animal that belongs to the phylum Cnidaria

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23
Q

Cnidocyte

A

Stinging cell found in all Cnidarians

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24
Q

Radial symmetry

A

organization of body parts around a central axis

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25
Q

Polyp

A

Cylindrical body with opening at one end, the mouth which is usually surrounded by tentacles

26
Q

Medusa

A

Free floating form of Cnidarian that resembles an umbrella

27
Q

Epidermis

A

outer layer of cells

28
Q

Gastrovascular Cavity

A

Large cavity found within the bodies of some animals

29
Q

Gastrodermis

A

Layer of cells that lines the gastrovascular cavity

30
Q

Mesoglea

A

Gelatinous material found between the epidermis and gastrodermis in cnidarians

31
Q

Cnida

A

Stinging organelle of a cnidocyte

32
Q

Nematocyst

A

Spearing type of cnida

33
Q

Cnidocil

A

Short bristle like structure that acts as a trigger for a cnidocyte

34
Q

Hydrozoans (Hydroid)

A

mostly colonial cnidarians that belong to class Hydrozoa

35
Q

Feeding Polyp

A

Specializes in capturing food and feeding colony

36
Q

Reproductive Polyp

A

Specializes in reproduction

37
Q

Scyphozoans

A

True Jellyfish

38
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Light sensing organelles

39
Q

Anthozoans

A

Sea anemones and corals

40
Q

Cubozoans

A

Box jellyfish ( can cause death)

41
Q

Planula Larva

A

fertilized egg from medusa develops into Planktonic Larval stage

42
Q

Pedal laceration

A

Asexual reproduction in sea anemones, portion of base is broken off and forms a new individual

43
Q

Fission

A

Asexual reproduction in sea anemones in which the anemone splits into two, each half develop into new individual

44
Q

Ctenophores

A

Gelatinous zooplankton belonging to phylum Cnetophora

45
Q

Comb Plates

A

Rows of cilia used by cnetophores for locomotion

46
Q

Statocyst

A

organ that helps maintain equilibrium

47
Q

Colloblasts

A

Specialized adhesive cells found on tentacles of some cnetophores, used to capture prey

48
Q

Cydippid

A

Planktonic larvae of cnetophore

49
Q

Bilateral Symmetry

A

only one plane divides the animal in half down central plane

50
Q

Cephalization

A

evolutionary process where sense organs became concentrated in the head of an animal

51
Q

Turbellarians (free living)

A

non-parasitic flatworms

52
Q

Turbellarians move in 2 ways

A

use cilia to move and produce mucus to slide

53
Q

Flukes

A

Parasitic flatworms with complex life cycles(different hosts)

54
Q

Tapeworms

A

parasitic flatworms that live in the intestines of animals

55
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Sense organs that detect chemicals

56
Q

Ribbon Worms

A

Ribbon like worms

57
Q

Proboscis

A

Tube like structure used by ribbon worms to capture prey (Coils)

58
Q

Lophophorates

A

Sessile animals from several phyla that lack a destinct head and share the common feature of a feeding device known as lophophore

59
Q

Lophophore

A

arrangement of cilliated tentacles that function in feeding and gas exchange

60
Q

3 phyla of lophophores

A

Phoronoids, bryozoans and brachiopods

Marine Biology (6 decks)

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