Quiz #2

Question 1

protons

Answer 1

positively charge particles found in the nucleus

Question 2

neutrons

Answer 2

neutrally charged particles in the nucleus

Question 3

electrons

Answer 3

negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus

Question 4

covalent bonds

Answer 4

form when atoms share electron pairs (strong bonds)
polar and nonpolar

Question 5

polar covalent bonds

Answer 5

the shared electrons have an unequal distribution, which leads to patrial positive and negative regions on the molecule

Question 6

non-polar covalent bonds

Answer 6

the shared electrons have an equal distribution

Question 7

ionic bonds

Answer 7

ions that attract each other because of opposite charges

Question 8

hydrogen bonds

Answer 8

bonds that occur between polar molecules (like water) contributing to properties like cohesion. The partial negative and partial positive charges on a molecule attract to each other

Question 9

carbohydrates

Answer 9

used primarily for energy storage (glucose, starch)

Question 10

monosaccharides

Answer 10

(carbs) simple sugars like glucose

Question 11

polysaccharides

Answer 11

(carbs) complex carbs like starch

Question 12

proteins

Answer 12

made up of amino acids; responsible for structure, function, and regulation of body tissues and organs

Question 13

lipids

Answer 13

hydrophobic molecules, important for long-term energy storage and membrane structures (fats & oils)

Question 14

Nucleic Acids

Answer 14

DNA stores genetic information and RNA transmits genetic information

Question 15

Hydrophobic

Answer 15

molecules that repel water (lipids, fatty acids)

Question 16

Hydrophilic

Answer 16

molecules that attract water (glucose, salts)

Question 17

Building blocks

Answer 17

mono (single)
di (two)
tri (three)
poly (many)

Question 18

Protein structure (primary structure)

Answer 18

the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain

Question 19

amino acids

Answer 19

the building blocks (monomers) of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds

Question 20

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Answer 20

stores genetic information and is responsible for inheritance

Question 21

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Answer 21

involved in protein synthesis and gene regulation