Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Specific types of neurons that connect the CNS with skeletal muscles, sensory receptors, the heart, smooth muscle, and glands

A

Motor Neurons

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2
Q

CNS

A

Central Nervous System, consists of the brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

PNS

A

Peripheral Nervous System, Consists of cranial and spinal nerves

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4
Q

ANS

A

Autonomic Nervous System, a division of the central nervous system that controls involuntary functions

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5
Q

Processes involved as information travels through a neural pathway. (Reflex Arc)

A

Stimulus, receptor, Afferent neuron, Interneuron, Efferent Neuron, Effector

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6
Q

membrane potential

A

-Used to integrate, send and receive info
- membrane potential changes produced by:
- Changes in membrane permeability
- Alterations of ion concentration

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7
Q

depolarization

A

Inside of membrane becomes more positive, MP difference decreases

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8
Q

hyperpolarization

A

Inside becomes more negative than RMP, membrane potential difference increases

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9
Q

repolarization

A

MP returns to resting state

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10
Q

Threshold

A

The limit that the membrane potential has to reach or supercede to create an action potential

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11
Q

Graded Potentials

A

-Brief Short distance signals within a neuron. Short-lived, localized changes in membrane potential
-if strong enough, it can develop into an action potential

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12
Q

What happens during an action potential

A

-Resting state
-Depolarization phase (Na+ moves in)
-Repolarization Phase(K+ v-gated channels open)
-Hyperpolarization Phase (K+ v-gated channels close, returning to resting state)

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13
Q

resting potential

A

Ions haven’t been stimulated, More Na+ outside cell, More K+ inside cell resulting a mV of -70

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14
Q

action potential

A

A rapid sequence of changes in the voltage across a membrane

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15
Q

where graded potentials occur

A

Dendrites or soma

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16
Q

all-or-none phenomenon

A

APs either happen completely or not at all

17
Q

where action potentials occur

A

Axon or Axon Hillock

18
Q

the mechanism that allows information to travel in only one direction in an axon

A

Refractory Period

19
Q

neuron

A

Excitable cells in the brain used for communication (ie sending signals

20
Q

nerve

A

Bundle of fibers in the PNS that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain

21
Q

tract

A

Bundle of fibers in the CNS that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain

22
Q

sensory neuron

A

Essentially an afferent neuron, sends information from body to Central nervous system

23
Q

interneuron

A

The neuron that connects the spinal motor and sensory neurons

24
Q

motor neuron

A

Essentially, an efferent neuron, sends out information from CNS to the effector to elicit a response

25
Q

synapse

A

Site of transmission between 2 neurons or between a neuron and an effector

26
Q

Function of voltage-gated Na+ channels

A

mediates the upstroke of the action potential in excitable cells

27
Q

Function of voltage-gated K+ channels

A

helps depolarize the membrane

28
Q

Function of Na+ ions in APs

A

Causes depolarization

29
Q

Function of K+ ions in APs

A

Helps hyperpolarize the membrane potential

30
Q

Function of Na+/K+ ATPase in APs

A

Helps maintain resting potential

31
Q

Types of Synapses and what they connect together

A

-Axodendritic (Axon and Dendrite)
-Axosomatic (Axon and Soma)
-Axoaxonic( Axon and Axon)
-Dendrodendritic (Dendrite and Dendrite)
-Dendrosomatic