Quiz 2

Question 1

Specific types of neurons that connect the CNS with skeletal muscles, sensory receptors, the heart, smooth muscle, and glands

Answer 1

Motor Neurons

Question 2

CNS

Answer 2

Central Nervous System, consists of the brain and spinal cord

Question 3

PNS

Answer 3

Peripheral Nervous System, Consists of cranial and spinal nerves

Question 4

ANS

Answer 4

Autonomic Nervous System, a division of the central nervous system that controls involuntary functions

Question 5

Processes involved as information travels through a neural pathway. (Reflex Arc)

Answer 5

Stimulus, receptor, Afferent neuron, Interneuron, Efferent Neuron, Effector

Question 6

membrane potential

Answer 6

-Used to integrate, send and receive info
- membrane potential changes produced by:
- Changes in membrane permeability
- Alterations of ion concentration

Question 7

depolarization

Answer 7

Inside of membrane becomes more positive, MP difference decreases

Question 8

hyperpolarization

Answer 8

Inside becomes more negative than RMP, membrane potential difference increases

Question 9

repolarization

Answer 9

MP returns to resting state

Question 10

Threshold

Answer 10

The limit that the membrane potential has to reach or supercede to create an action potential

Question 11

Graded Potentials

Answer 11

-Brief Short distance signals within a neuron. Short-lived, localized changes in membrane potential
-if strong enough, it can develop into an action potential

Question 12

What happens during an action potential

Answer 12

-Resting state
-Depolarization phase (Na+ moves in)
-Repolarization Phase(K+ v-gated channels open)
-Hyperpolarization Phase (K+ v-gated channels close, returning to resting state)

Question 13

resting potential

Answer 13

Ions haven’t been stimulated, More Na+ outside cell, More K+ inside cell resulting a mV of -70

Question 14

action potential

Answer 14

A rapid sequence of changes in the voltage across a membrane

Question 15

where graded potentials occur

Answer 15

Dendrites or soma

Question 16

all-or-none phenomenon

Answer 16

APs either happen completely or not at all

Question 17

where action potentials occur

Answer 17

Axon or Axon Hillock

Question 18

the mechanism that allows information to travel in only one direction in an axon

Answer 18

Refractory Period

Question 19

neuron

Answer 19

Excitable cells in the brain used for communication (ie sending signals

Question 20

nerve

Answer 20

Bundle of fibers in the PNS that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain

Question 21

tract

Answer 21

Bundle of fibers in the CNS that receives and sends messages between the body and the brain

Question 22

sensory neuron

Answer 22

Essentially an afferent neuron, sends information from body to Central nervous system

Question 23

interneuron

Answer 23

The neuron that connects the spinal motor and sensory neurons

Question 24

motor neuron

Answer 24

Essentially, an efferent neuron, sends out information from CNS to the effector to elicit a response

Question 25

synapse

Answer 25

Site of transmission between 2 neurons or between a neuron and an effector

Question 26

Function of voltage-gated Na+ channels

Answer 26

mediates the upstroke of the action potential in excitable cells

Question 27

Function of voltage-gated K+ channels

Answer 27

helps depolarize the membrane

Question 28

Function of Na+ ions in APs

Answer 28

Causes depolarization

Question 29

Function of K+ ions in APs

Answer 29

Helps hyperpolarize the membrane potential

Question 30

Function of Na+/K+ ATPase in APs

Answer 30

Helps maintain resting potential

Question 31

Types of Synapses and what they connect together

Answer 31

-Axodendritic (Axon and Dendrite)
-Axosomatic (Axon and Soma)
-Axoaxonic( Axon and Axon)
-Dendrodendritic (Dendrite and Dendrite)
-Dendrosomatic