Quiz 2

Question 1

For her anatomy class Emily is identifying the different layers of the meninges that surround the brain. The third layer she labels on a diagram consists of delicate tissue that lays directly on the surface of the brain and even extends down into sulci. This layer is known as the _______.

Answer 1

pia mater

Answer 2

dura mater

Question 3

second layer of the mengies

Answer 3

arachnoid membrane

Question 4

seperates occipital and temporal lobe

Answer 4

tentorium cerebelli

Question 5

When examining her neuroanatomy textbook Leslie notices that the hypothalamus sits directly below the thalamus (i.e. the hypothalamus is lower in the brain). This means that the hypothalamus is more ________ than the thalamus.

Answer 5

ventral

Question 6

When examining her neuroanatomy textbook Leslie notices that the thalamus sits directly on top of the hypothalamus. This means the thalamus is more____ than the hypothalamus

Answer 6

dorsal

Question 7

front of brain

Answer 7

rostral

Question 8

back/tail end

Answer 8

caudal

Question 9

Dr. Spaceman is reading an MRI to determine if Tracey has a brain injury after falling at work. When looking at the scan there are three different views of the brain on the screen. One view (below) is oriented as if the patient were looking directly at him. This view of an MRI is known as the _____ view.

Answer 9

coronal

Question 10

divides body into left and right

Answer 10

sagittal

Answer 11

axial

Answer 12

transverse

Question 13

Grace has come to the doctor demonstrating problems with her posture, she is awkward and uncoordinated when walking, and she has disrupted and jerky eye movements. On an MRI scan the doctor finds a slow growing meningiomas near the back of Grace’s head that is likely impacting the function of her _____.

Answer 13

cerebellum

Answer 14

orbitofrontal cortex

Answer 15

motor cortex

Question 16

processeing emotions

Answer 16

amygdala

Question 17

Simon is wheeling a patient into the imaging center to get scanned. At the last moment Dr Holliday stops Simon saying “you can’t let the patient get a(n) ________scan. The electrical components in their pacemaker would stop working.”

Answer 17

MRI

Question 18

An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain’s surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp.
-continuous samples ongoing electrical activity
- electrode caps
- action potential creates dipoles
- commonly used to monitor brain states,seizures, sleep staging

strengths= cheap, easy to use in secial populations (kids ex.), measures changes in real time, direct neuronal measure

limits= poor localization, inverse vs forward solution, can be hard to interpret (no glowing brains)

Answer 18

EEG

Question 19

a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task
- radio labeled; decay sends out positrons which are measured by coincidence detector

uses= originally used to map blood flow, maps proteins, neurotransmitter mapping/FDG isotope tracks cancer

Strengths= decent spatial localization, mapping specific biological processes

limits= expensive, slow time course, radiation isn’t great

Answer 19

PET

Question 20

compilation of multiple xrays
- often used for acute injuries, tumors, infections, stroke, bone injuries, chest imaging, cancer detection etc.

strengths= cheap and fast, minimal contraindications

limitations= exposure to radiation(relatively low), low resolution of soft tissue

Answer 20

CT

Question 21

In order to study whether language is differentially expressed in the left and right hemispheres Nate could use the technique known as _____ which uses magnetic fields to stimulate neurons which can temporarily induce a virtual lesion in human participants.

Answer 21

TSM

Question 22

electrical dipoles create magnetic fields in a perpendicular direction. these fields will then induce current flow in SQUIDS
- strengths: good temporal resolution and spatial, direct neuronal measure, used for surgical localization

weaknesses= only pick up signals from very superficial strcutures, expensive, rare method

Answer 22

MEG

Question 23

Karen’s medical conditions are leading to a low quality of life and prevent her from doing many everyday activities. She has not responded to anti-seizure medication and her doctors have decided to give her a callosotomy to try and reduce the severity of her symptoms. Karen is most likely suffering from ________.

Answer 23

epilepsy

Question 24

Mike Gazzaniga is seeing a split-brain patient in his lab. He shows the patient an image of a horse to his left visual field. This information would be processed by the patient’s _____ hemisphere, and the patient would typically be _____ to name the image out loud.

Answer 24

right / unable

Question 25

Laura is going over the basic tastes with her three-year-old daughter Sophie. Laura says, “try again Sophie, ________ is NOT one of your five basic tastes.”

Answer 25

spicey

Question 26

enny is folding her clothes that she just took out of the dryer. She can feel the soft texture of her t-shirts as well as the heat that is lingering in the cloth. This sensory information is being processed in primary and secondary sensory cortex located in her ________ lobe.

Answer 26

parietal

Question 27

encodes and transfers new explicit memories to long-term memory
- hippocmpus- “seahorse”-classical memory structure
amygalda- emotional memory

Answer 27

temporal

Question 28

region that processes information about voluntary movement
- primary motor cortex(M1) is located in precentral gyrus
- supplementary motor cortex (SMA)- selects and plans movements based on internal cues such as thoughts and memory
- premotor cortex=planning an execution of motor activity

Answer 28

frontal