Quiz 2 Flashcards
Fuselage
Main body of the aircraft
Truss
Pratt truss
Warren truss
Pratt Truss
Box like frame
Not very strong
Warren Truss
Triangular frame
Strongest truss type frame
Monocoque (4)
Old metal and wood covered aircraft
Skin is stretched around vertical members called rings and formers
Skin gives the structure strength, holds the fuselage rigid and requires a thick skin
Dents, cracks cause a rapid failure
Semi-Monocoque
Most modern metal covered aircraft are of this type
Along with the vertical. This structure also incorporates longitudinal members called longerons
- Longerons and stingers
- Bending loads are taken up the longitudinal members. Therefore, skin thickness can be reduced
Bulkheads
Used attachment points, and pressurization sections
Rings and Formers
Hold the fuselage and shape
Longerons
Heaviest members extends across several vertical members
Takes up primary bending load
Stringers
Lightweight, maintain shape of the structure
Guessets
Used at the intersection of vertical and horizontal members
Add strength and stiffness to the airframe
Aircraft Skin
Monocoque and semi-monocoque aircraft have stressed skin
Skin is under constant tension, compression, bending and torsion loads
NOTE: Even small cracks are critical
Pylons
Provide mounting points for engines and external stores
Nacelles
Smooth airflow and reduce the drag around engines, fuel tanks, etc…
Wings
Main lifting body of the aircraft
May be designed to house wheels, supports, contain fuel, mount flight controls, etc…
Metal Wings
During flight, wing is subject to bending loads
Lower skin more critical to repar than lower wing (look up and confirm in book)
Lower skin under a tension load
Upper skin under a compression load
Semi-Cantilever
Requires extra bracing
Landind Struts
On a low wing aircraft
Lifting Struts
On a high wing aircraft
Cantilever wing
Requires no external bracing and has a heavy constructed center section
Spars
Runs the span of the wind from the wing root to the wing tip
The principal structural component of the main load bearing member
Wings may have a single or multi-spar design
Wings contain
Spars, ribs, stringers, and bulkheads
Wing Covering Materials
Metal
Composite material
Doped fabric
Plywood
