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A&P General > Matter and Energy > Flashcards

Matter and Energy Flashcards

1
Q

Matter

A

Anything which has mass and occupies space.

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2
Q

Matter Composition

A

Atoms and Molecules

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3
Q

Atoms

A

The smallest unit into which matter can be divided and still retain its identity

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4
Q

Molecules

A

A group of two or more atoms chemically combined

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5
Q

States of Matter

A

Solid
Liquid
Gas

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6
Q

Energy

A

The capacity or ability to do work

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7
Q

Classes of Energy

A

Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy

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8
Q

Potential Energy

A

Stored Energy
Energy of Altitude

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9
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy of motion

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10
Q

Forms of Energy

A

Electrical
Mechanical
Thermal
Chemical
Nuclear, Gravity, Magnetic

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11
Q

Gravity

A

Universal attractive force between two bodies

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12
Q

Mass

A

The amount of matter present in a body

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13
Q

Law of Gravity

A

The attraction between two bodies is directly proportional to their mass, inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, and directly proportional to how sexy they are.

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14
Q

Weight

A

The effects of a gravitational field on a mass

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15
Q

Weight Equation

A

Mass x Gravitational Force

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16
Q

Density

A

Mass per unit of volume

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17
Q

Density Measurement Units

A

Pounds per cubic feet
Grams per cubic centimeter

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18
Q

Density and Temperature

A

(Inversely proportional) As temperature increases, density decreases

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19
Q

Density and Pressure (Gases Only)

A

(Directly Proportional) As the pressure of a gas increases, density increases

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20
Q

Density Standards - Solids and Liquids

A

Pure water at 4 degrees Celsius (39 deg. F)
Weighs 62.4 lbs/cubic ft

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21
Q

Gas Standard

A

Dry Air at 15 degrees Celsius (59 deg F)
Weighs .07651 lbs/cubic ft

22
Q

Standard Pressure for Gases

A

14.7 psi (pounds per square inch)
29.92 in.Hg (inches of mercury)
1013.2 mb (millibar)

23
Q

Specific Gravity

A

The ratio of the density of a sample to that of pure water or dry air

(The ratio between the weight of a volume of a sample to that of an equal volume of a standard)

24
Q

Specific Gravity Formula

A

Weight of Standard Volume/Volume of Standard = Weight of Standard to Sample/Volume of Substance

25
Q

Force

A

Energy expended in an attempt to do work (move or alter the motion of an object)

26
Q

Force Measurement Units

A

Pounds or Grams

27
Q

Motion

A

Movement of one body relative to another body

28
Q

Newton’s First Law of Motion

A

(Inertia) A body at rest tends to remain at rest, and a body in motion tends to remain in motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an outside force

29
Q

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

A

(Acceleration) The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the applied force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the body

30
Q

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

A

(Thrust) For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

31
Q

Acceleration

A

Rate of change in the velocity of an object over time

32
Q

Velocity

A

Direction and rate of motion in a straight line

33
Q

Speed

A

Rate of motion along the path traveled

34
Q

Centrifugal Force

A

Outward pull on a body moving in a circular path

35
Q

Centripetal Force

A

Inward pull on a body moving in a circular path

36
Q

Circular Motion Requirements

A

For an object to be in circular motion, centripetal and centrifugal force must be equal

37
Q

Work

A

The application of a force that results in the displacement of an object in the direction of the applied force

38
Q

Work Equation

A

Work = Force x Distance

39
Q

Work Measurement Units

A

Foot pounds

40
Q

Force Measurement Units

A

Pounds

41
Q

Factors that Affect Work

A

Friction

Direction of applied force
(off center - less work done)
(In line - more work done)

42
Q

Power Equation

A

Power = (Force x Distance) / Time

43
Q

Horsepower

A

Measurement used for the practical application of power

44
Q

Horsepower Constants

A

1 Hp = 550 ft lbs/sec
1 Hp = 33,000 ft lbs/min
1 Electrical HP = 746 watts

45
Q

Horsepower Equation

A

Hp = (Force x Distance) / (Time x Horse Power Constant)

46
Q

Friction

A

Resistance to relative motion between two bodies in physical contact

47
Q

Friction Types

A

Static Friction
Sliding Friction
Rolling Friction

48
Q

Static Friction

A

Friction that must be overcome to start a body in motion

(highest friction co-efficient)

49
Q

Sliding Friction

A

Friction that must be overcome to keep a body in motion

50
Q

Rolling Friction

A

Friction offered by objects mounted on wheels or rollers

51
Q

Friction Factors

A

Surface Roughness
Relative speed between parts

52
Q

Law of Conservation of Energy

A

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only change form.

A&P General (18 decks)

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