Quiz 2

Question 1

The hindbrain

Answer 1

Medulla, Pons, Cerebellum

Question 2

Medulla function

Answer 2

heartbeat, blood pressure, coughing, sneezing, swallowing

Question 3

Pons function

Answer 3

Sleeping and breathing, what causes sleep paralysis

Question 4

Cerebellum

Answer 4

Balance and coordinated movement

Question 5

The midbrain

Answer 5

The reticular activating system

Question 6

Reticular activating system function

Answer 6

Regulates sleep-wake transitions and arousal

Question 7

The forebrain

Answer 7

Thalamus and Limbic System (Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Amygdala), Corpus Callosum, Basal Ganglia

Question 8

Thalamus function

Answer 8

acts like a relay between motor and sensory signals

Question 9

Hypothalamus function

Answer 9

Involved in biological drives like hunger, thirst, sex, temperature regulation, links to the endocrine system

Question 10

Hippocampus function

Answer 10

Involved in memory transfer from short to long term memory, if damaged we cannot learn new info well (amnesia)

Question 11

Corpus Callosum function

Answer 11

connects the two parts of the brain and allows it to act as a union

Question 12

Basal Ganglia Function

Answer 12

Involved in movement disorders, causes involuntary movement… associated with Parkinson’s, Tourette’s, and Huntington’s

Question 13

Projection (Primary) Areas

Answer 13

sensory: where our senses come and go
motor: where motor signals come and go

Question 14

Nonprimary areas

Answer 14

Do all the complex things that make us human

Question 15

Apraxia

Answer 15

People have problems with movement, especially coordinated movement… can typically do little movements separately but cannot put them together

Question 16

Agnosia

Answer 16

Inability to recognize form, can be quite specific (ex. face blindness)

Question 17

Aphasia

Answer 17

disorders with language

Question 18

Expressive (non-fluent) aphasia

Answer 18

People have difficulty expressing themselves, affects Broca’s area

Question 19

Broca’s area

Answer 19

what is affected in expressive (non-fluent) aphasia

Question 20

Receptive (fluent) aphasia

Answer 20

people can talk and are grammatically correct but have very little content in what they are saying, they cannot understand what is being said all around them, affects Wernicke’s area

Question 21

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 21

what is affected in receptive (fluent) aphasia

Question 22

Thalidomide experiment

Answer 22

drug was given to pregnant women to prevent miscarriage and caused babies to be born without arms and legs

Question 23

Teratogenic Maternal Diseases

Answer 23

Rubella, Toxoplasmosis, Herpes

Question 24

Rubella

Answer 24

Can damage the baby’s brain, auditory systems, visual systems, the whole body

Question 25

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 25

Caused by cat feces and raw meat, can cause seizures and cerebral palsy

Question 26

Herpes

Answer 26

When someone has an outbreak the sores may make a C-section necessary, chickenpox is a herpes virus

Question 27

DES

Answer 27

prescribed to prevent miscarriage but caused cervical problems due to mucus issues or the cervix opening during pregnancy, also causes testicular cancer and penile cancer

Question 28

Aspirin

Answer 28

associated with heart defects and can cause hemorrhaging after birth

Question 29

Caffeine

Answer 29

can cause a fast heart rate and trouble with sleep

Question 30

cocaine

Answer 30

causes uterine contracts, can result in abortion, low birth weight/preterm babies, damage to the digestive system, damage to the urogenital system and a higher risk of cerebral hemorrhage

Question 31

Alcohol

Answer 31

associated w FAS, babies are born small w small brain/head, have issues w cognitive development (memory, learning, attention span, communication), issues w vision and hearing, have wide-set eyes

Question 32

Cigarettes

Answer 32

restriction of oxygen in the lungs makes the uterus and embryo oxygen deprived, babies are small and shorter gestation, can damage the placenta and arteries, higher risk for SID syndrome, childhood cancers, and cleft palate

Question 33

Secure Attachment

Answer 33

Babies use social referencing, cry when the parent leaves, do not like strangers, and are happy to see their parent

Question 34

Avoidant attachment

Answer 34

Baby does not socialize or use the parent as a secure base, the baby is more accepting of strangers, the baby is not happy to see the parent

Question 35

Resistant Attachment

Answer 35

Baby is clingy, fussy, generally unhappy, baby hangs on to the parent, is upset when the parent leaves but does not settle down during reunitement, baby is anxious

Question 36

Disorganized/Disoriented Attachment

Answer 36

Baby is rigid with people they know, face looks dazed/disoriented, worst pattern of development

Question 37

Spitz, "Failure to Thrive"

Answer 37

Spitz studied babies in prison and babies in an orphanage, he realized the importance of contact comfort and "mothering"

Question 38

Skeels, "Longitudinal Study of early deprivation"

Answer 38

Found that babies that were placed in an adult institution had higher IQs and were adopted (in comparison to kids at an orphanage who were not adopted) because they were taken care of better

Question 39

Antagonist

Answer 39

chemical or drug that binds to receptors in the brain and prevents an agonist from having a reaction

Question 40

Agonist

Answer 40

substances that bind to synaptic receptors and increase the effect of a neurotransmitter

Question 41

Serotonin

Answer 41

Mood, appetite, impulsive/aggressive behavior... too little=depression and OCD

Question 42

Dopamine

Answer 42

Impulse control, tension, movement, learning... sensitivity= schizophrenia, too little=Parkinson's

Question 43

Acetylcholine

Answer 43

involuntary movement, sleep, memory... too much= depression, too little=dementia

Question 44

Norepinephrine

Answer 44

Alertness/Arousal... too little=depression, too much=schizophrenia

Question 45

GABA

Answer 45

Nervous system, anxiety... some anxiety meds try to increase GABA

Question 46

Glutamine

Answer 46

learning, memory... associated w migraines