Quiz 2 Flashcards
What is the transition from liquid to gas?
Is this phase change endothermic or exothermic?
ex: when a rain puddle disappears after a few days
- Vaporization
- ENDOthermic
What is the transition from gas to liquid?
Is this phase change endothermic or exothermic?
- Condensation
- EXOthermic
What is the transition from solid to gas?
Is this phase change endothermic or exothermic?
- Sublimation
- ENDOthermic
What is the transition from gas to solid?
Is this phase change endothermic or exothermic?
- Deposition
- EXOthermic
What is the transition from liquid to solid?
Is this phase change endothermic or exothermic?
- Freezing
- EXOthermic
What is the transition from solid to liquid (we have to heat a solid until molecules have sufficient energy to PARTIALLY overcome the forces holding them in a fixed position)? Is this phase change endothermic or exothermic?
- Melting
- ENDOthermic
What is the temperature at which vapor, liquid, and solid phases of a substance are at equilibrium?
Triple point
What is the temperature and pressure ABOVE which a gas cannot be condensed into a liquid?
Critical point
What is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances (ex: air)?
Solution
- Homogeneous
- Physical state of solution=physical state of solvent
- Solute WON’T settle out
- Composition can be varied (solubility)
What is a component present at significantly HIGHER concentrations (ex: N2)?
Solvent
What is a component present in LESSER concentrations (ex: O2)?
Solutes
Why do solutions form/what contributes to solution formation?
- Decrease in internal energy
- Increased dispersal of matter
These two favor, but does not guarantee
What is it called where IMF between solute AND solvent are NO different than the IMF in separate components (ex: CH3OH and CH3CH2OH)
Ideal solution(s)
________ = Ideal solution
Similar properties= Ideal solution
What is the maximum concentration of SOLUTE in a particular SOLVENT that can be achieved under given conditions?
Solubility
If the solute concentration is EQUAL to solubility, it is _________? (solubility factor)?
Saturated
If the solute concentration is LESS than solubility, it is __________? (solubility factor)?
Unsaturated
If the solute concentration is GREATER than solubility, it is ___________? (solubility factor)?
Supersaturated
Gas solubility generally _______ with increasing temperature (gases in liquids)?
Decreases
What is it called when there is an INFINITE mutual solubility (ex: ethanol and water) (liquids in liquids)?
Miscible
What is it called when liquids do NOT mix (ex: oil and water) (liquids in liquids)?
Immiscible
What is it called when there is a MODERATE solubility (ex: water and bromine) (liquids in liquids)?
Partially miscible
Solid solubility generally _______ with increasing temperature (solids in liquids)?
Increases
What are properties of solutions are DIFFERENT than pure substances?
Colligative properties
What is this ratio:
moles of particles in solution: moles of formula units?
Van’t Hoff Factor
What are compounds that are formed when two NONMETALS react with each other?
all covalent bond’s VHF=1
Covalent Compound
What are compounds that are usually formed when a METAL reacts with a NONMETAL?
Ionic compound
