Quiz 11 Notes (Exam 4) Flashcards
What is the Nernst Equation used for?
It is used for non-standard condition
What is the Nernst equation?
*Ecell=Ecell(standard) - 0.0592v divided by n times log Q
What is being described?:
Cell reaction must be driven by imposing by a cell voltage
Electrolytes (Electrolytic cell)
What two things make up a nucleus?
Protons and Neutrons
What defines an element?
Protons
What does A represent in nuclear structure notation?
Mass number
What does mass number consist of?
Number of protons
What does Z represent in nuclear structure notation?
Atomic number
What does the atomic number consist of?
Sum of protons and neutrons (number can differ, creating isotopes)
What is being described?:
High energy helium nuclei?
Alpha particle
What is being described?:
High energy electron
Beta particle
What is being described?:
Same mass as electrons but postive charge
Positron
What is being described?:
hydrogen nuclei
Proton
What is being described?:
very high energy EM radiation
Gamma ray
Which type of decay has a parent and daughter nuclide?
Alpha decay
Which type of decay is the conversion of a neutron to a proton?
Beta decay
Which emission is being described?:
The nuclide forms in an excited state; then decays to ground state
Gamma Emission
Which emission is being described?:
Proton is converted into a neutron
Positron emission
What is being described?:
Internal process where inner electrons combines with proton; outer electrons fill vacancy left; energy emitted (x-ray)
Electron capture
What is a fundamental force of physics?
- In all nucleons (protons and neutrons)
- Attracted to each other
- Acts over very small distances
Strong force
What is a balance between the coloumbic (charge) repulsive force and attractive strong force?
Stability
What does n over z equal for elements 1-20?
1
What does n over z equal for elements 20-40?
1.25
What does n over z equal for elements 40-80?
1.5
What happens for elements that are greater than 83?
There is no stable nuclei
What happens when n over z is too high?
Beta decay will occur
What happens when n over z is too low?
Positron emission AND/OR electron capture will occur
What happens when there is heavy nuclei?
Alpha decay occurs (only one that reduces mass)
What is the nuclear equation for alpha particle?
Write it out
What is the nuclear equation for beta particle?
Write it out
What is the nuclear equation for positron?
Write it out
What is the nuclear equation for proton?
Write it out
What is the nuclear equation for neutron?
Write it out
What is the delta G equation?
Delta G= -n(F) Ecell
What does the constant F equal?
96485
What is the first order integrated rate law?
ln (Nt/N0)= -kt
What is the 1st order half life equation?
t1/2= 0.693/k
What is the Ecell equation?
Ecell(standard)= -(0.0592/n) log Q
What is the Ecell equation (when you have t)?
Ecell(standard)= -(RT/nF) lnQ
What is included in the transition metal group?
Halides, hydroxides, carbonates, oxides
