Extra Notes (Exam 4) Flashcards
What is the first step in balancing redox reactions (in acidic conditions)?
Write the two half equations
What is the second step in balancing redox reactions (in acidic conditions)?
Balance all elements EXCEPT O and H
What is the third step in balancing redox reactions (in acidic conditions)?
Balance O by adding water
What is the fourth step in balancing redox reactions (in acidic conditions)?
Balance hydrogen by adding H+
What is the fifth step in balancing redox reactions (in acidic conditions)?
Balance charge by adding electrons (decreases charge)
What is the sixth step in balancing redox reactions (in acidic conditions)?
Multiply reactions so electrons are equal between them
What is the seventh step in balancing redox reactions (in acidic conditions)?
Combine reactions/cancel out electrons
What is the first step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Write the two half reactions
What is the second step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Balance all elements EXCEPT O and H
What is the third step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Balance O by adding water
What is the fourth step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Balance hydrogen by adding H+
What is the fifth step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Balance charge by adding electrons (decreases charge)
What is the sixth step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Multiply reactions so electrons are equal between them
What is the seventh step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Combine reactions/cancel things out
What is the eighth step in balancing redox reactions (basic conditions)?
Add the same number of OH- to both sides to neutralize H+
What is the conversion of one nuclide/atom into another?
Transmulation
What is the decomposition of some sort of molecule?
Nuclear fission
What is the combination of very light nuclei—-converts mass into large amounts of energy?
Nuclear fusion
Where are transition metals found?
d-block and f-block
What forms coordinate covalent bonds?
Transition metals
What are the two things that transition metals are made up of?
Lewis acid and Lewis base
What is the lewis acid in a transition metal?
- e acceptor
- central atom
What is the lewis base in a transition metal?
- e donor
- ligand
- has variety
- has to have one or more electron pairs
What does F equal in the equation: G= -n(F)Ecell(standard)
96485
Which of the following reactions best described beta decay?
Neutron—-proton + emitted electron
What is the process when an electron is emitted by an unstable nucleus called?
Beta decay
Which has the highest penetrating power?
Gamma
Which has the lowest penetrating power?
Alpha
For elements 1-20, what is the idea N-to-Z ratio?
1
For the elements 20-40, what is the ideal N-to-Z ratio?
1.23
For the elements 20-40, what is the ideal N-to-Z ratio?
1.25
For the elements 40-80, what is the ideal N-to-Z ratio?
1.5
What happens for elements above 83?
There is no stable nuclei
What type of decay occurs when N-to-Z ratio is too high?
Beta decay
What type of decay occurs when N-to-Z ratio is too low?
Positron emission and electron capture
Which type of decay helps to make heavy nuclei lighter (only decay to change mass)?
Alpha decay
What is the number of donor atoms attached?
Coordination number
