Quiz 2 Flashcards
Identify the statement about monoclonal antibodies that is true.
-They are found only in cancerous states
-They all recognize numerous antigens
-They are used for testing only and not as therapeutic agents
-They arise from a single plasma cell
-They arise from a single plasma cell
MHC molecules containing beta-2-microglobulin are encoded by…
HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C genes.
The antigens that bind the MHC class II antigens are first “processed” by:
-enzymes in the endosome
Endogenous peptides binding to MHC-A, MHC-B, or MHC-C molecules on the surface of hepatocytes are critical for the response by:
-cytotoxic T cells
A plasma cell differs from a B cell in which way?
Only plasma cells secrete circulating antibody
A processed antigen first encounters and binds to MHC class II molecules in the:
endosomal compartment
Antigen recognition by CD4-positive T cells requires…
class II MHC molecules
Characteristics of MHC class II molecules include which of the following?
a. Have an alpha chain and beta-2 microglobulin
b. Combine with antigen made inside the cell
c. Have alpha and beta chains of approximately equal size
d. Interact with CD8+ T cells
c. Have alpha and beta chains of approximately equal size
Class II molecules bind to what kind of peptides?
From processed exogenous antigens
Cytotoxic T cells are the primary immune response against which type of pathogen?
Viruses
Endogenous peptides binding to MHC-A, MHC-B, or MHC-C molecules on the surface of hepatocytes are critical for the response by:
cytotoxic T cells
8.) Granzymes activate which of the following in a target cell?
Apoptosis
How many antigen binding sites does IgA in secretions have?
4
Identify the correct pairing of an immunoglobulin and its property.
a. IgE: major immunoglobulin of secondary response
b. IgG: most abundant in serum
c. IgA: crosses the placenta
d. IgM: immunoglobulin produced by a T cell
b. IgG: most abundant in serum
Identify the statement about monoclonal antibodies that is true.
a. They all recognize numerous antigens
b. They are found only in cancerous states
c. They are used for testing only and not as therapeutic agents
d. They arise from a single plasma cell.
d. They arise from a single plasma cell.
12.) If a mother is MHC A3A14/B5B15/Cw3Cw4 and her child is A3A9/B5B27/Cw4Cw7, which of the following men is the most likely candidate for the father? (The numbers indicate different allotypes)
a. A5A9/B5B27/Cw3Cw7
b. A5A9/B17B27/Cw3Cw5
c. A4A15/B2B27/Cw1Cw5
d. A9A11/B15B21/Cw1Cw4
a. A5A9/B5B27/Cw3Cw7
Immunoglobulins are grouped into classes on the basis of similarities in:
heavy chains
In antigen processing, the function of transporters associated with antigen-processing (TAP) proteins is to:
transport digested proteins to MHC class I molecules
MHC class I antigens are recognized by which cells?
CD8+ T cells
Perforin and granzymes are used by which cells to kill target cells?
CD8 T cells
T cells are capable of recognizing:
degraded peptides
T helper cells recognize which of the following?
a. Microbe-specific structures
b. Native (unmodified) extracellular viral proteins
c. Exogenous peptide bound to class II MHC
d. Endogenous peptides bound to class I MHC
c. Exogenous peptide bound to class II MHC
The AFFINITY of antigen–antibody binding is influenced by…
How well the antigen fits into the binding site on Fab
The antigen specificity of a B cell is determined:
by H- and L-chain variable-region sequences
The cells that primarily function by secreting large amounts of cytokines are:
T helper cells
The function of CD4+ T cells is:
to help B cells make antibody
The primary response is characterized by:
the recognition of antigens by naïve B cells.
The purpose of the invariant chain is to block the peptide-binding site of:
class II MHC molecules
The receptor for antigen on a mature naïve B cell is:
IgM
The term “human leukocyte antigen” is synonymous with:
major histocompatibility complex
Which cell is capable of producing antibody?
Plasma cell
Which cells are responsible for killing virally infected host cells and tumor cells?
CD8 T cells
Which immunoglobulin appears first in the primary response?
IgM
Which immunoglobulin appears in the highest titer in serum during a secondary immune response?
IgG
Which is a characteristic of IgM?
a. It is able to activate complement.
b. It can cross the placenta
c. It increases greatly in the secondary response
d. It can bind only two antigens
a. It is able to activate complement.
Which is characteristic of IgG?
a. The least abundant antibody in serum
b. First class of antibody to appear
c. Found mainly in secretions
d. Provides immunity for the newborn
d. Provides immunity for the newborn
Which of the following is a characteristic of IgA?
a. It activates the classical complement pathway
b. It is a pentamer in serum
c. It is found in secretions
d. It is the primary response antibody
c. It is found in secretions
Which of the following is a characteristic of MHC-DR, MHC-DP, and MHC-DQ molecules?
a. Expressed co-dominantly (maternal and paternal)
b. Antigen receptors on all lymphocytes
c. Antigen receptors on T lymphocytes only
d. Surface alloantigens on liver and kidney cells
a. Expressed co-dominantly (maternal and paternal)
Which of the following proteins that form channels in target cell membranes?
a. granzyme B
b. pentraxins
c. opsonins
d. perforin
d. perforin
Which option best describes MHC class I antigens?
a. They are found on all nucleated cells.
b. They are coded for on chromosome 9.
c. They are recognized by helper T cells.
d. They combine with exogenous antigen.
a. They are found on all nucleated cells.
Which marker is found on the group of T cells that assists B cells in making antibody?
CD4
What region of the immunoglobulin molecule can bind antigen?
Fab
Which T-cell surface protein is associated with the T-cell receptor and is involved in signal transduction?
CD3
