quiz 10 transmission genetics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

phenotype

A

outward appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

allele

A

one version of a gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

uppercase letter A

A

dominant allele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lowercase letter a

A

recessive allele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

genotype Aa

A

combination of genes/alleles carried

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

every mendelian cross begins with _______ parents

A

true breeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

parental variety seen in the f1 progeny is considered the ______ trait

A

dominant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

parental variety that is absent in the f1 progeny is considered the _____ trait

A

recessive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

f2 progeny distribution

A

3/4 dominant, 1/4 recessive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Po: PP (______ dominant) Pp (______ recessive)
F1: Pp (_______)
F2: PP (_______ dominant) Pp/pP (_______) pp (_____ recessive)

A

homozygous dominant; homozygous recessive; heterozygous

homozygous dominant; heterozygous; homozygous recessive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A mendelian cross always begins with _________

A

true breeding parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

There are at least three generations in a mendelian cross - what are the three?

A

The parental, F1, and F2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The dominant and recessive variations of a trait can be determined with which generation?

A

F1 generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What ratio is seen in the F2 generation, what is it indicative of?

A

3:1 ratio, indicative of the segregation of two alleles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mendelian theory - what part of mendelian theory challenged preformation?

A

females and males contribute equally to the offspring - preformation states that every gamete carried a potential child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mendelian theory - what part of mendelian theory challenged blending?

A

recessive traits were not irreversibly blended together - blending states that the offsprings characteristics were an average between two parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

incomplete dominance

A

not all dominant alleles produce a fully dominant phenotype

18
Q

incomplete dominance - full phenotype, half phenotype, no phenotype present

A

FF, Ff, ff

19
Q

in an incomplete dominant mendelian cross, what does the F1 generation consists of?

A

Ff, heterozygous, split phenotypes

20
Q

in an incomplete dominant mendelian cross, what does the F2 generation consist of?

A

a ratio of 1:2:1, instead of 3:1

21
Q

co-dominance

A

a case where there is more than 1 possible dominant allele

22
Q

codominance - mixing and creation of a new _________

A

dominant - heterozygous is completely new phenotype

23
Q

a dominant allele is almost always an allele that ________ a product. A ________ allele does not

A

produces; recessive

24
Q

_______ and ________ alleles have similar inheritance patterns, but they can be distinguished by understanding how each allele is producing or failing to produce a product

A

incomplete and co-dominant

25
Q

What do we call the phenotype(s) seen in the F1 generation?

A

dominant

26
Q

Random cross: which is the dominant trait?

A

NO WAY TO TELL RANDOM CROSS

27
Q

What is the genotype of the F1 generation in a Mendelian cross?

A

Heterozygous

28
Q

What is the genotypic ration of the F2 generation in a monohybrid mendelian cross?

A

1:2:1

29
Q

what phenotypic ratio would you expect to see in the third generation of a human family?

A

1:1

30
Q

You find a brown female (agouti) rabbit and take it home. How could you determine its genotype?

A

perform a test cross

31
Q

What is the genotype of the F1 generation as it refers to incomplete dominance?

A

Heterozygous

32
Q

What is the distribution for the F2 generation of a incomplete dominance cross?

A

1/4 AA, 1/2 Aa, 1/4 aa

33
Q

What does incomplete dominance tell us about these alleles?

A

The dominant produces a product but the recessive does not. The intermediate phenotype is a result of reduced dosage

34
Q

Codominance

A

No true recessive, neither allele is necessarily dominant over the other

35
Q

What is the result of this codominant cross? ArAr x AbAb

A

ArAb - F1

36
Q

What is the result and distribution of this codominant cross? ArAb x ArAb

A

1/4 ArAr, 1/2 ArAb, 1/4 AbAb - F2

37
Q

What is suggested by “two dominant alleles?”

A

both alleles make a functioning product but the products differ from one another. The mixing of the two products creates the intermediate phenotype

38
Q

Which type of inheritance best describes the patterns in this cross?
P: White x Red
F1: All have Red
F2: 1/4 white, 3/4 red, 3:1 ratio

A

fully dominant allele

39
Q

which type of inheritance best describes the patterns in this cross?
P: White x Red
F1: Pink
F2: 1/4 white, 1/2 pink, 1/4 red

A

co-dominance

40
Q

which type of inheritance best describes the patterns in this cross?
P: yellow x red
F1: both red and yellow spots
f2: 1/4 yellow, 1/2 red+yellow, 1/4 red

A

incompletely dominant allele