Quiz 10

Question 1

which nuclei comprise the striatum?

-putamen and caudate
-globus pallidus and caudate
-caudate and substantia nigra pars compacta
-putamen and pallidum

Answer 1

putamen and caudate

Question 2

where are the cell body of medium spiny neurons located?

-striatum
-subthalamic nucleus
-substantia nigra pars compacta
-globus pallidus

Answer 2

striatum

Question 3

output from the basal ganglia projects from which structures?

-globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata
-putamen and pallidum
-putamen and caudate
-globus pallidus and caudate

Answer 3

globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata

Question 4

dopaminergic neurons that synapse on medium spiny neurons originate from which brain regions?

-subthalamic nucleus
-substantia nigra pars reticulata
-globus pallidus
-substantia nigra pars compacts

Answer 4

substantia nigra pars compacta

Question 5

the neurotransmitter released by the medium spiny neurons of the striatum is

-glutamate
-GABA
-dopamine
-serotonin

Answer 5

GABA

Question 6

efferent neurons from the globus pallidus that influence the activity of the motor areas of the cortex arise from the ____ segment and relay in the ____ before reaching the cortex

-internal; VA/VL thalamic nuclei
-external; substantia nigra pars compacta
-external; VA/VL thalamic nuclei
-internal; substantia nigra pars compacta

Answer 6

internal; VA/VL thalamic nuclei

Question 7

the external segment of the globus pallidus projects to the internal segment and the ____ in the ____ pathway

-caudate; direct
-subthalamic nucleus; direct
-caudate; indirect
-subthalamic nucleus; indirect

Answer 7

subthalamic nucleus; indirect

Question 8

parkinson’s disease is associated with loss of

-dopamine neurons in the subthalamic nuclei, leading to a hyperkinetic disorder
-dopamine neurons that project to the striatum, leading to a hypokinetic disorder
-dopamine neurons in the caudate, leading to a hypokinetic disorder
-glutamatergic neurons in the thalamus that project to the motor cortex, leading to a hypokinetic disorder

Answer 8

dopamine neurons that project to the striatum, leading to a hypokinetic disorder

Question 9

people suffering from huntington’s disease have ____ inhibition of the VA/VL complex of the thalamus, leading to increased excitation of the ____

-increased; subthalamic nucleus
-decreased; internal globus pallidus
-increased; subthalamic nucleus
-decreased; frontal cortex

Answer 9

decreased; frontal cortex

Question 10

T/F: hemiballismus, characterized by involuntary movements of the limbs, is the result of damage to the subthalamic nucleus

Answer 10

true