Quiz 1 - Road to WWII

Question 1

major causes of WWI

Answer 1

1) mistreatment of Germany under the Versailles Treaty
2) The Great Depression; leads to the rise of dictators in Europe
- the dictators promised to get countries out of the Depression and bring prosperity

Question 2

rise of 4 extreme forms of government

Answer 2

1) Communism: Russia/Soviet Union (1917)
2) Fascism: Italy, Spain
3) Nazism: Germany
4) Militarism: Japan

Question 3

shared ideologies of the 4 forms of gov

Answer 3

1) demanded fanatic loyalty to leaders/country
2) totalitarian/police states where the police/gov. controls everything. no individual rights
3) racism: superiority of their race

Question 4

communist leader of the Soviet Union who comes to power in 1924, after the death of Vladimir Lenin

Answer 4

Joseph Stalin
- abolishes democracy + outlawed all other political party
- kills all rivals along w/ 30 million people!

Question 5

fascist leader of Italy who came to power by force in 1922

Answer 5

Benito Mussolini
- abolished democracy + outlawed all other political parties
- put all enemies in prison

Question 6

fascist leader of Spain

Answer 6

Fransisco Franco

Question 7

who was hit the hardest by the Great Depression and what government was blamed for it

Answer 7

Germany
- Democratic government (Weimer Republic) set up after WWI was blamed for Depression + turned to Nazism

Question 8

what coup (to overthrow the gov) was Hitler apart of in 1923

Answer 8

The Beer Hall Putsch

Question 9

book written by Hitler that becomes the Nazis “bible”

Answer 9

Mein Kampf (my struggle)

Question 10

how does Hitler go from being the Chancellor of Germany to the “Fuhrer”

Answer 10

1) he promises to get Germans out of the Depression and bring prosperity
2) promises revenge for German mistreatment under the Versailles treaty

Question 11

Nazi leader of Germany

Answer 11

Adolf Hitler
- abolishes democracy + outlaws all other political parties
- puts all enemies in prison or kills them
- beginning of the “Third Reich” - Nazi Empire (1934-1945)

Question 12

symbol of the Nazis

Answer 12

Swastika (blood flag)

Question 13

Hitler wanted to cleanse Germany of the undesirables leaving only the “master race” (the Aryans). who were the undesirables?

Answer 13

1) Polish/Russian - Slavs
2) Roma (Gypsies)
3) Jehovah’s Witness
4) homosexuals
5) handicapped
6) African Americans
7) Jews

Question 14

why did Hitler have such hate for the Jews?

Answer 14

anti-Semitism (Jewish hate)
- he blamed them for Germany’s loss in WWI

Question 15

what was the only country Hitler respected?

Answer 15

Great Britain bc it was a mighty empire
- he did not respect America (considered them mongrels, impure, and mixed breeds)

Question 16

what was the Hitler Youth and how was it different for boys and girls

Answer 16

HJ (13-18 years old)
- girls: were trained to be good, strong mothers so they could produce strong children
- boys: were trained to be good soldiers
all were brainwashed with nazi propaganda and became fanatically loyal to Hitler
- most joined the SS and were Hitlers greatest supporters

Question 17

the 1933 Nuremberg Laws (anti-Jewish laws in Germany), an attempt by Hitler to get the Jews to leave Germany

Answer 17

• all Jews were segregated and labeled with the “Star of David”
• could not go in public places (schools, theaters, hospitals, etc)
• restricted to manual labor jobs

Question 18

1938 - a pogram (organized massacre) against the Jewish community

Answer 18

Kristallnacht (“Night of Broken Glass”)

Question 19

why did the Great Depression affect Germans trying to migrate out of Germany

Answer 19

• most countries were not taking any immigrants during the Great Depression - they had no jobs/money for their own people!

Question 20

who was the militarist leader of Japan

Answer 20

Hideki Tojo who takes over!
- the Japanese emperor (Hirohito) becomes a puppet

Question 21

the attempt of Japan to get resources as an island with no trade during the Depression

Answer 21

conquest!
- Japan’s goal is to create an Asian empire
- Pan-Asianism: attempt to get all Asians to unite against the imperialist Europeans under Japan’s leadership

Question 22

Japan first tries to take over China, why do they target China and what part do they go after?

Answer 22

• in the 1930’s, China is in the middle of a Civil War (Nationalists vs. Communists)
• Japan’s first target is Manchuria (which becomes a puppet state under Japanese rule)

Question 23

what is the war between Japan and China called?

Answer 23

2nd Sino-Japanese war

Question 24

the forgotten holocaust of WWII
- Japan invades and brutally attacks people in Nanking (china)

Answer 24

The Rape of Nanking

Question 25

what was Italy’s goal in WWII and what did they do to achieve it?

Answer 25

their goal was to restore the Roman Empire and create an African Empire
- they targeted + conquered Ethiopia in 1933!

Question 26

what was Germany’s goal in WWII and what did they do to achieve it?

Answer 26

their goal was to create a European empire!
- they first take over the Rhineland (demilitarized zone (buffer) between France and Germany)

Question 27

what was considered the dress rehearsal for WWII

Answer 27

the Spanish Civil War
- Hitler helped the Spanish fascist group come to power and used this war to practice his military

Question 28

what country does Hitler invade that is actually his home land

Answer 28

Austria (he wanted “Anschluss” - unification with Germany)
- Germany also invades the Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia)

Question 29

what happened at the Munich Conference (Munich Pact)

Answer 29

Neville Chamberlain (British Prime Minister) follows the Appeasement Policy and gives in to Hitler’s demand to avoid war!
- Hitler said that if they allowed him to keep what countries he has taken, then he will stop the aggression, and they give in!

Question 30

how does Hitler begin to take Poland

Answer 30

people thought he was bluffing about taking Poland because this would mean he was opening a two-front war (just like in WWI/France-Germany)
- but he made a peace treaty with Russia (Russia takes half of Poland, Germany takes half)
- Molotor - Ribbentrop Pact (non-aggression pact)