Civil War - quiz 1 Flashcards
major causes of the civil war
1) westward expansion of slavery
2) states rights (state gov. had more power than the federal gov.)
3) slavery (economics, politics, and morality)
results of the war
1) over 600,000 men lost their lives
2) south was destroyed
3) slavery was ended! *
4) union was saved! *
south’s dilemma with Fort Sumter
1) if they allowed the north to keep the fort, their new gov. would look week
2) if they took it by force, they would be blamed for starting the war
what happened on April 12, 1861
- south fired on fort sumter (Gen. Robert Anderson vs. PGT Beauregard)
- war began
after the attack on fort Sumter, what three states left the Union
- Virginia
- North Carolina
- Tennessee
northern democrats who sympathized with the South
“copperheads”
border slave states along the mason-dixen line
- in question which side to support
Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland * (most important)
why were the border states so important to the south?
half of their white population lived there! they needed troops!
north’s advantages
1) large population (manpower)
2 abundant industries (supplies)
3) abundant food supply
4) large navy (for blockade)
Norths disadvantages
1) had to invade + conquer the South
2) poor military leadership
3) poorly trained soldiers
Souths advantages
1) united behind the cause of independence
2) well-trained men
3) superior military leadership
4) only had to defend their territory
souths disadvantages
1) lack of men, supplies, and food
2) states rights
3) small navy (infantile)
North’s strategies to win the war:
1) capture Richmond, VA (capiol)
2) capture Mississippi River
3) blockade all Southern ports (Anaconda plan- to squeeze the life out of the south)
Souths strategies to win the war:
1) get foriegn assistance
2) wear the North down
southern soldiers were called:
rebels
northern soldiers were called:
yankees
what did congress do to get money and food
gave free land grants to colleges if they would start an agricultural program
civil war battles always had two names
south: named after towns
north: named after rivers/streams
first major battle of war
First Battle of Bull Run (Manasses)
- gen. Irwin McDowell vs gen. PGT Beauregard
- South wins
results of 1st Bull Run battle
1) realized the war was not going to be short or bloodless
2) need for standard uniforms (to recognize enemy through smoke)
to get supplies through the blockade the south would hire…
“blockade runners” - private merchants
Battle of the Ironclads
- Monitor vs. Merrimac
- turning point in naval warfare bc wooden ships became obsolete
the Alabama
British ship made for confederates that sank over 60 union ships
why was there a war in the West
to have control over the rivers
how did the north come to control the Upper Miss. River?
Ulysses S. Grant captured both Fort Henry and Fort Donelson
Battle of Shiloh
North: Gen. Ulysses Grant
South: Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston
- two day battle, blood bath, but north wins!
Northern Admiral who captured part of New Orleans and cut off the mouth of the Miss. River
David Farragut
A Southerner who turned down the opportunity to be the Union’s general commander and later became a southern general
Robert E. Lee
