Civil War - quiz 1 to end Flashcards
the south’s last fortress/hold on the miss. river
- 6-month siege
Vicksburg
gen. George McClellan
- “young Napolean”
- commander of the Union Army
- cautious, slow, not risk-taking
- “seven days battles”
- goal to capture Richmond
- Lee pushed McClellan off the peninsula, big Southern victory!
Peninsula Campaign
second battle of Bull Run
- gen. John Pope against Lee
- another Southern victory, McClellan reinstated
- McClellan found Lee’s battle plan and won the battle!
- bloodiest day in American history
- POLITICAL turning point of the war
- stopped any foreign assistance from joining the south
Battle of Antietam
- freed all slaves in south but not in the border states
- changed goal of war after Antietam
emancipation proclamation
effects of emancipation proclamation
- kept England and France out of the war
- encouraged slaves to run away and leave south laborless
- black people joined up to fight for north!
- led to the passing of 13th Amendment which abolished slavery
- first all-black regiment
- led by Robert Gould Shaw
54th Massachusetts Regiment
worst POW camp in the civil war
Andersonville Prison in Georgia
main photographer in the first war photographed in history (civil war)
Matthew Brady
main photographer in the first war photographed in history (civil war)
Matthew Brady
women’s roles during war
- nurses
- factories (sewing)
- gov. jobs (copyists)
famous nurses
- Dorthea DIx - north
- *Clara Barton - “Angel of the Battlefield”
- Sally Thompkins - south
- Elizabeth Blackwell - 1st female doctor of US
famous female spies
- Harriet Tubman - north
- Rose O’Neil Greenhow - south
female writers
- Mary Chesnut - south
- Juliet Ward - north
- wrote “Battle Hymn of the Republic”
disguised herself as a soldier to fight
Loretta Velequez
ways to avoid the draft (1863)
- certain profession’s (teachers, mailman, etc)
- hire a substitute
- rich man’s war, but a poor man’s fight
- own more than 20 slaves
- battle that south wins, but there is a grave consequence
- Stonewall Jackson (Lee’s best commander) is
killed by one of his own men
- Stonewall Jackson (Lee’s best commander) is
Battle of Chancellorsville
- Lee’s last-ditch effort to invade the north
- biggest battle fought in the Western Hemisphere
- Lee vs. George Meade
- 51,000 casualties
Battle of Gettysburg
day two of Gettysburg battle
Little Round Top
- bloody fighting
- Lawrence Chamberlain (schoolteacher) - “hero of Gettysburg” holds out against south’s invasion
day three of Gettysburg battle
Picketts Charge
- south attacks center of the line
- huge mistake
- huge union victory!
- MILITARY turning point of the war
what state separates in 1864?
48 counties of Virginia secede from south to form West Virginia
1864 - new union commander and 2nd in command
Ulysses S. Grant (goal to take Richmond) and William Tecumseh Sherman (goal to take Atlanta)
pres. election of 1864
democrats - led by George McClellan (for peace)
republicans - led by Lincoln
- reasons Lincoln won = Atlanta’s fall to Sherman and part of Mobile (southern port falling)
