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Cardiopulmonary Physiology > Quiz 1 Review > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which sound is shorter in duration with a much higher frequency?

A

S2

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2
Q

Laminar flow, also called streamlined flow represented the flow of liquids in layers or streams, which laminar has the greatest velocity?

A

the laminar in the center of the vessel

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3
Q

A healthy resting ejection fraction would be?

A

65%

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4
Q

The resting membrane potential of ventricular myocytes is

A

-85mV

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5
Q

The correct units for cardiac output is

A

mL/min

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6
Q

L type ion channels allow which ions to flow through?

A

sodium and calcium

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7
Q

The sympathetic nervous system can increase HR and increase the force of contraction. Increased contractions would _____?

A

decrease ESV

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8
Q

A plateau is seen on a tracing of a ventricular action potential, how long is this event?

A

0.2s

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9
Q

Which of the following membranous junctions allow cardiac muscle to contract as a syncytium?
A) aquaporins
B) gap
C) desmosomes
D) occluding junction
E) hemidesmosomes

A

B) gap

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10
Q

When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the

A

left ventricle to left atrium

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11
Q

A blood vessels diameter dilates from 1 to 4, flow through that vessel will increase from 1ml/min to about

A

256 ml/min

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12
Q

How much blood do you have within your body at this given time?

A

5L

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13
Q

The Frank-Starling mechanism describes?

A

the energy of contraction is proportional to the initial length of a cardiac fiber

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14
Q

Which of the following blood vessels has the highest capacitance?
A) small veins
B) arterioles
C) venues
D) aorta
E) vena cava

A

E) vena cava

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15
Q

The greatest factor determining vascular resistance is

A

diameter (radius) of vessel

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16
Q

When blood vessels are arranged in series, which of the following is true?
A) the resistance of one vessel in series does not affect another vessel
B) pressure never changes within the vessels
C) there are many branches of the main distribution artery
D) blood flow at each part of the circuit is identical

A

D) blood flow at each part of the circuit is identical

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17
Q

Reynolds number (Re or Nr) is used to

A

determine if flow will be laminar or turbulent

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18
Q

Which of the following cardiac valves does blood from the venae cava pass through first?

A

tricuspid

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19
Q

Quantity of blood that flows per minute=

A

cardiac output

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20
Q

The quantity of blood that is pumped each cycle=

A

stroke volume

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21
Q

The volume of blood ejected as a % of the EDV=

A

ejection fraction

22
Q

The volume the LV fills with each diastolic cycle=

A

preload

23
Q

What does the Fick principle refer to?

A

utilization of oxygen

24
Q

Which of the following, by decreasing blood viscosity can increase blood flow at a given perfusion pressure?
A) decreased concentration of RBCs
B) decreased temp
C) increasing conc. of platelets
D) dehydration
E) low flow states

A

A) decreased concentration of RBCs

25
Q

Which of the following blood vessels has the highest elastance?
A) arterioles
B) vena cava
C) aorta
D) vein
E) venule

A

C) aorta

26
Q

If preload is increased, what is likely to occur?

A

ventricular contraction will increase in force

27
Q

If pressure remains the same but the diameter of a vessel doubles, what happens to flow or conductance?

A

it increases by 16x

28
Q

List or name 2 factors that can cause turbulent blood flow

A

plaque and scar tissue

29
Q

In an individual at rest, approx this percentage of total blood volume can be found in the venous system

A

65%

30
Q

Which vessels have the highest pressure?

A

capillary bed

31
Q

A normal hemocrit is _____ with a viscosity of about _____x water

A

40, 3

32
Q

The distance blood travels in a second is its ___________

A

velocity

33
Q

Pressure is defined as:

A

a force of blood over blood vessel surface

34
Q

Which valves are associated with S1 heart sound?

A

AV valves closing

35
Q

T/F: chordae tendineae are attached to the valve cusps of A/V, aortic, and pulmonary semilunar valves

A

false

36
Q

The epicardium is also known as

A

visceral pericardium

37
Q

Blood flow becomes turbulent when Re is

A

> 3000

38
Q

What is the correct unit for stroke volume?

A

mL/beat

39
Q

Arterioles dont have a

A

tunica externa

40
Q

AV valves close when

A

backward pressure pushes blood back against them

41
Q

Would an increase in blood velocity increase or decrease Re?

A

increase Re

42
Q

Would vasoconstriction increase or decrease Re?

A

increase Re

43
Q

Would increased hemocrit increase or decrease Re?

A

decrease Re

44
Q

Would anemia increase or decrease Re?

A

increase Re

45
Q

Mesothelium is found where?

A

covering the heart

46
Q

T/F: afterload can affect stroke volume

A

true

47
Q

What is the function of contractions of the papillary muscles?

A

prevent the tricuspid and mitral valves from reversing open into the atria

48
Q

Which layer of the heart wall forms the visceral pericardium?

A

epicardium

49
Q

T/F: cardiomyocytes require extracellular calcium for contraction

A

true

50
Q

The __________________ causes vasoconstriction

A

sympathetic nervous system

Cardiopulmonary Physiology (11 decks)

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