PV Loops (Quiz 2)

Question 1

What does a PV loop graph represent?

Answer 1

pressure and volume changes of the left ventricle during 1 cardiac cycle (1 heart beat)

Question 2

What does A represent?

Answer 2

Mitral valve closes

Question 3

what does B represent?

Answer 3

Aortic valve opens

Question 4

what does C represent?

Answer 4

aortic valve closes

Question 5

what does D represent?

Answer 5

mitral valve opens

Question 6

what does 1. represent?

Answer 6

isovolumetric contraction

Question 7

what does 2. represent?

Answer 7

systolic/ventricular ejection

Question 8

what does 3. represent?

Answer 8

isovolumetric relaxation

Question 9

what does 4. represent?

Answer 9

ventricular filling

Question 10

what does the x-axis measure?

Answer 10

volume (v)

Question 11

what does the y-axis measure?

Answer 11

pressure (p)

Question 12

In a normal PV loop, where does C and D sit on the X-axis?

Answer 12

at the end-systolic volume (ESV)

Question 13

In a normal PV loop, where does A and B sit on the x-axis

Answer 13

at the end-diastolic volume (EDV)

Question 14

what is represented by the difference between EDS and ESV

Answer 14

stroke volume

Question 15

In a normal PV loop, where does B sit on the y-axis?

Answer 15

Diastolic Blood Pressure ~ 80 mmHg

Question 16

In a normal PV loop, where does C sit on the y-axis

Answer 16

Systolic Blood Pressure ~ 120 mmHg

Question 17

what happens to the PV loop during increased preload?
(big list)

Answer 17

-becomes wider
-A and B have a right shift and slight superior shift
-slight increase of diastolic BP
-increase EDV –> increase SV
-increase strength of contraction
-more blood leave LV

Question 18

what happens to the PV loop during increased afterload?

Answer 18

-becomes tall and skinny
-C and D have a right shift
-B and C have a superior shift
-increase of Systolic and diastolic BP
-increase ESV –> decrease SV
-less blood leaves the left ventricle

Question 19

What happens to the PV loop during increased contractility?

Answer 19

-widens and gets taller
-C and D have a left shift
-pressure remains the same, but 2. is taller
–> more blood leaves LV
-decrease ESV –> increase SV