Quiz 1 prep Flashcards
What is nutrition?
- field of study of nutrition
- study of how animals take in and assimilate food for promoting growth, milk, and fiber products
What is a nutrient?
Any chemical element or compound in the diet that supports normal life processes
What are the six classes of nutrients? Which are macronutrients? Which are micronutrients?
- Carbohydrates (macronutrient)
- Lipids/Fats (macronutrient)
- Proteins (macronutrients)
- Vitamins (micronutrients)
- Minerals (micronutrients)
- Water (micronutrients)
Is energy a nutrient? Why or why not?
NO
- not a chemical element or compound
- daily requirement
- nutrients used to generate energy
- reason for poineering study of nutrition
Who is Antione Lavoisier?
A French chemist in the late 1700s considered to be the “father of nutrition”
He invented the bomb colorimeter for the study of energetics
What is the bomb calorimeter?
The bomb calorimeter burns a sample in a closed chamber immersed in water and measures the change in the temperature of the water to determine the energy value of the sample
- “bomb” because it burns very quickly and under pressurized oxygen
What are the measures of energy?
- calorie (cal); 1 cal = heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree C
- kilocalorie (Kcal); 1 Kcal = 1000 cal = 1 Cal; Calorie is used on food labels
- megacalorie (Mcal); 1 Mcal = 1,000,000 cal
- joule (J); not the greatest expression of food energy; is a metric unit of energy; 4.184J = 1 cal or 1J = 1/4cal
What does PFV stand for?
Physiological Fuel Values
What are physiological fuel values?
The energy estimated from nutrient content of food
- determined by Rubner and Atwater of Germany in the late 1800s
What is the PFV of CHO and protien? Of Lipids? Of ethanol?
CHO and protien = 4 Kcal/g
Lipids = 9 Kcal/g
Ethanol = 7 Kcal/g
