Quiz 1

Question 1

Antoine Lavosier…
A. was the first to describe the chemical structure for energy
B. was a chemist in the late 1700’s in Germany
C. developed the “proximate analysis” system of nutrient analysis
D. is a famous graduate of the University of Wyoming
E. invented the bomb calorimeter

Answer 1

E. invented the bomb calorimeter

Question 2

Which of the following statements are true regarding energy?

1. although animals have a daily requirement for energy, energy is not considered a nutrient
2. one calorie is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree C
3. the Calories shown on food labels represent that foods kcal content
4. one joule is roughly equivalent to 1/4 of a calorie
5. the PFV value for ethanol is approximately 1.75 times that of carbohydrates

Answer 2

1. although animals have a daily requirement for energy, energy is not considered a nutrient
2. the Calories shown on food labels represent that foods kcal content
3. one joule is roughly equivalent to 1/4 of a calorie
4. the PFV value for ethanol is approximately 1.75 times that of carbohydrates

Question 3

Which of the following statements are true about water?

1. water is the largest component of the animal body
2. water lost via evaporation across the skin and lungs is called invisible loss
3. water produced by the body during normal metabolism is known as metabolic water
4. water is the “universal solvent” because its polar structure promotes separation of positive and negative charged ions
5. water serves a protective, cushioning function to organs such as the heat and brain

Answer 3

1. water is the largest component of the animal body
2. water produced by the body during normal metabolism is known as metabolic water
3. water is the “universal solvent” because its polar structure promotes separation of positive and negative charged ions
4. water serves a protective, cushioning function to organs such as the heat and brain

Question 4

Which of the following statements are true about lipids?

1. lipids are insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents (such as ether or hexane)
2. storing energy in a plant seed as lipid versus carbohydrate results in a smaller seed
3. the PFV value of lipids is 2.25 times that of protein
4. oils primarily contain saturated fatty acids, which is why they are a liquid at room temperature
5. a triglyceride is made from three amino acids attached to a glycerol backbone

Answer 4

1. lipids are insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents (such as ether or hexane)
2. storing energy in a plant seed as lipid versus carbohydrate results in a smaller seed
3. the PFV value of lipids is 2.25 times that of protein

Question 5

Which of the following statements are true about carbohydrates?

1. all carbohydrates contain C, H, and O in the ration of (CH2O)n where n=6 or more
2. carbohydrates are synthesized via photosynthesis in plants or gluconeogenesis in animals
3. both maltose and cellobiose are polysaccharides that contain only glucose
4. although structurally similar, amylopectin is found in plants there’s glycogen is found in animals (esp. the liver)
5. fiber consists of a mixture of the carbohydrates cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin

Answer 5

2. carbohydrates are synthesized via photosynthesis in plants or gluconeogenesis in animals
3. although structurally similar, amylopectin is found in plants there’s glycogen is found in animals (esp. the liver)
4. fiber consists of a mixture of the carbohydrates cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin

Question 6

Which of the following statements are true about protein?

1. the crude protein content of a food is calculated as its percentage of N multiplied by 2.25
2. the PFV value for protein is lower than that for carbohydrates
3. some hormones, such as insulin and progesterone are proteins
4. protein plays a role in the metabolism of other nutrients because enzymes are proteins
5. although 20 amino acids are used to synthesize protein, only 10 are considered dietary essential

Answer 6

1. the crude protein content of a food is calculated as its percentage of N multiplied by 2.25
2. protein plays a role in the metabolism of other nutrients because enzymes are proteins
3. although 20 amino acids are used to synthesize protein, only 10 are considered dietary essential

Question 7

Which of the following statements are true about minerals?

1. minerals are the only class of nutrients that are organic
2. the mineral content of a food/feed is known as ether extract
3. Ca, O, Na, Cl, Mg, and K are examples of major or macro minerals
4. Fe, Cu, F, Mn, Se, S and Zn are examples of minor or trace minerals
5. electrolyte minerals (Na, K, Cl) are important for maintaining fluid balance in the animal body

Answer 7

3. Ca, O, Na, Cl, Mg, and K are examples of major or macro minerals
4. electrolyte minerals (Na, K, Cl) are important for maintaining fluid balance in the animal body