quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

where does the frontal sinus drain

A

into ducts that empty into top of nasal cavity

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2
Q

where does ethmoid sinus drain

A

lateral portions of nasal cavity

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3
Q

where does the sphenoid sinus drain

A

posterior portions of nasal cavity

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4
Q

where does maxillary sinus drain

A

superiorly to nasal cavity

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5
Q

best position to drain maxillary sinus

A

prone

head must be horizontal to drain

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6
Q

what is sinusitis

A

acute or chronic inflammation of paranasal sinuses

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7
Q

causes of sinusitis

A

viral infection
bacterial infection
increase in pressure

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8
Q

predisposing factors for sinusitis

A

deviation of nasal septum
dairy and wheat products
upper molar abscess

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9
Q

what sinus empties into lateral portions of nasal cavity

A

ethmoid

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10
Q

causes of sinusitis

A

viral, bacterial infection
increase in pressure

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10
Q

predisposing factors of sinusitis

A

nasal septum deviation
dairy and wheat products
upper molar abscess

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11
Q

CI’s for sinusitis

A

fever
local lymphatic drainage w acute infection

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12
Q

what position do you drain the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid sinus’

A

supine

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13
Q

what position do you drain the maxillary sinus’

A

prone, sidelying

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14
Q

where would you palpate the frontal sinus’

A

pressing superiorly at the medial angle of superior orbital margin

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15
Q

focus of tx for sinusitis

A

relaxation based - unforced diaphragmatic breathing

16
Q

positioning for sinusitis

A

prone, sidelying with affected sinus uppermost is best position for draining single affected maxillary

supine for others

17
Q

head must be _____ to completely drain maxillary sinus

A

horizontal

18
Q

sidelying = single max sinus
prone = both max sinus

A

supine = ethmoid & sphenoid

19
Q

chronic bronchitis results in production of sputum for 6 months in a row over ___ consecutive years

A

2

20
Q

what is COPD a combo of

A

chronic bronchitis
emphysema

21
Q

chronic bronchitis symptoms

A

increased mucus production from bronchiole glands
increased number of goblet cells from irritation

narrow pathways due to chronic inflammation
thickening of bronchiole airways
decrease thoracic mobility
respiratory infections
productive chronic cough, worse in mornings
purulent mucus
cyanosis overtime occurs

22
Q

observations of chronic bronchitis

A

pt leans forward while sitting
clubbing of fingers / peripheral edema
hypertrophied accessory mm of respiration
dyspnea / tachypnea
apical breathing (upper chest)
barrel chest
hyper kyphosis, hyper lordosis

23
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

enlargement of mucus secreting bronchial glands
increase in epithelial goblet cells
decrease in ciliated epithelial cells

24
Q

blue bloater = chronic bronchitis

A

pink puffer = emphysema

25
Q

disease process of chronic bronchitis

A

airways become chronically inflamed leading to edema and thickening or hyperplasia of bronchial walls

decrease in expiratory airflow rates and prolonged expiration

26
Q

what mm’s would be hypertonic w chronic bronchitis

A

diaphragm
intercostals
scalenes
SCM
pec major/ minor
abdominals

27
Q

when draining lower lobe , how is pt positioned

A

pt’s hips must be elevated above head
thorax is placed at angle between 30-45 degrees

28
Q

when draining right middle lobe what is positioning

A

lies one quarter turn from supine on left side
supported on right side posteriorly by pillows

29
Q

upper lobe drainage positioning

A

seated

30
Q

what term describes an increase in the anteroposterior thoracic dimension

A

barrel chest

31
Q

centrilobular emphysema destroys what

A

central portion of lung

associated w smoking

found in upper lobes most frequently

32
Q

what is centrilobular emphysema

A

destroys central portion of lung

from smoking

33
Q

what is panlobular emphysema

A

destroys lobules uniformly throughout lungs

34
Q

disease process of emphysema

A

alveolar walls are destructed
leaving large air spaces called bullae

35
Q

cause of emphysema

A

overabundance of proteolytic enzymes

36
Q

emphysema symptom picture

A

dyspnea on exertion
cough, wheezing, prolonged expiration

diaphragm is flattened

pink puffer
barrel chest
people are usually thin

37
Q

what is asthma

A

chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by bronchospasm (narrowing of airways in lungs)