Quiz 1 Flashcards
Granulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
Agranulocytes
monocytes and lymphocytes
Neutrophils
the most abundant white blood cell, twice the size of red blood cells, multi-lobed nuclei, act as phagocytes (engulfing and destroying pathogens), and release cytotoxic enzymes
Eosinophils
multi-lobed nuclei, phagocytic cells that attack parasitic organisms, diminish allergies and inflammation by releasing antihistamines
Basophils
bilobed nuclei, release heparin and histamines (enhance inflammation)
Monocytes
largest white blood cells, kidney shaped nuclei, attack and destroy bacteria and viruses by phagocytosis (2nd response)
Lymphocytes
nuclei are round and large (occupying most of the cell), regulate immune response by attacking cells directly or producing antibodies
the heart is enclosed by a membranous sac called the
pericardium
fibrous pericardium
the outer layer; tough, connective tissue layer
serous pericardium
the inner layer; double-layered sac around the heart
function of trabecula carneae
acts as a muscle to pump heart & prevent suctioning of blood
The serous pericardium has two layers
Visceral - innermost, touches heart wall
Parietal - outermost
The space between the visceral and parietal pericardium
Pericardial cavity
Veins carry blood….
Veins carry blood to the heart
Arteries carry blood…
Arteries carry blood away from the heart
The thicker side of the heart
The left side of the heart is thicker
The wall that separates the two ventricles
Inter-ventricular septum
Muscle attached to the chordae tendinae
Papillary muscle
Cusps
Simple squamous
Endocardium cell type
Simple squamous epithelium
Key characteristic of myocardium
Gap junctions/intercalated discs
Epicardium cell type
Simple squamous epithelium
the laryngeal prominence is an important landmark for what
identifies trachea and cricoid cartilage
tracheal wall cell type
Pseudostratified, ciliated columnar epithelium
secondary lobar bronchi
3 in right lung, 2 in left lung
Alveolar sac
Increase surface for gas exchange
Alveoli
Simple squamous epithelium
the valves open when
atrial pressure is greater than ventricular pressure
Name the superior cartilage
Vestibular ligament
Name the inferior cartilage
Vocal ligament
Name the ligament to the right
Corniculate cartilage
Name the triangle structure
Arytenoid cartilage
Name the cone shaped cartilage
Corniculate cartilage
Name the cartilage in the back
Thyroid cartilagr
Name the inferior cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Identify the epiglottis, the hyoid bone, the thyroid and cricoid cartilage
Identify the pathway of blood through the heart
Identify the left and right coronary artery
Identify the right marginal artery, circumflex artery, and anterior interventricular artery
Identify the posterior interventricular artery and left marginal artery
