Quinolones Flashcards

1
Q

Give some examples of the quinolones.

A

Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin.

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action for the quinolones?

A

Inhibition of topoisomerases, enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication.

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3
Q

What are the quinolones indicated to treat?

A

RTIs, anthrax, gonorrhoea, UTIs.

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4
Q

What side effects are associated with quinolone use?

A

Tendon damage (rare), GI side effects, antibiotic associated colitis, headache, dizziness.

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5
Q

What was the recent CSM important safety warning for quinolones relating to?

A

Possibility of increased risk of convulsions in patients with or without a history of convulsions.

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6
Q

Which specific, serious side effects have been associated with moxifloxacin use?

A

QT interval prolongation and life-threatening hepatotoxicity.

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7
Q

What are the cautions for the use of the quinolones?

A

Use with caution in patients with a history of epilepsy or predisposition to seizures, G6PD deficiency, myasthenia gravis, children or adolescents (risk of arthropathy).

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8
Q

When should the quinolones be avoided?

A

In pregnancy. With use of NSAIDs, SSRIs, theophylline (increased risk of convulsions).

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9
Q

What specific counselling should be given to patients on quinolones?

A

Avoid exposure to excessive sunlight.

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