Metronidazole Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action for metronidazole?
A prodrug. Covalently binds to DNA, disrupting structure, inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, resulting in bacterial cell death.
Against which organisms is metronidazole effective?
Anaerobic bacteria and protozoa.
In what situations may metronidazole be beneficial?
As an alternative to penicillin for many oral infections where anaerobes are beta-lactamase producing or the patient is penicillin allergic.
For what indications may metronidazole be used?
Oral infections, H. pylori eradication, leg ulcers, pressure sores.
What are some side effects associated with metronidazole use?
GI disturbances, taste disturbances, furred tongue, oral mucositis, anorexia.
When is monitoring required for patients on metronidazole?
Clinical and lab monitoring is advised if treatment exceeds 10 days.
When should metronidazole be taken?
With or just after food or a meal.
What important counselling point should be given to patients on metronidazole?
They should avoid alcohol as they can experience unpleasant side effects. A disulfiram-like reaction
What side effects may be experienced by patients on metronidazole if they drink alcohol at the same time?
Flushing, headache, palpitations, nausea, vomiting.
How long after the completion of a course of metronidazole can patients drink?
2 days.
