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NMT200 midterm (wk1-6) > quick pharm > Flashcards

quick pharm Flashcards

1
Q

incretin mimetics (2)

A

semaglutide and liraglutide

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2
Q

semaglutide and liraglutide act on what

A

agonist GLP1

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3
Q

semaglutide and liraglutide to treat

A

obesity and diabetes

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4
Q

best obesity treatment

A

semaglutide

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5
Q

what are the 2 appetite suppressants

A

bupropion and naltrexone

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6
Q

bupropion and naltrexone are

A

appetite suppressants

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7
Q

orlistat is

A

lipase inhibitot

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8
Q

lipase inhibitor

A

orlistat

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9
Q

how does bupropion and naltrexone suppress appetite

A

sympathomimetic increase SNS

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10
Q

hypothryoid treatments

A

levothyroxine and desiccated thyroid

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11
Q

hyperthyroid treatments (4)

A

beta blocker-propranolol
radioactive iodine
antithryoid agents- proylthiouracil and methimazole

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12
Q

propanolol is a

A

beta blocker

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13
Q

beta blocker

A

propanolol

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14
Q

what does propanolol do

A

helps with adrenergic excess (i.e. high HR) in hyperthyroid

can help decrease T4 to T3 in periphery but doesnt affect thyroid hormone production

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15
Q

why use radioactive iodine

A

ablate thyroid in graves and toxic nodules

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16
Q

methimazole does what to thyroid

A

decrease thyroid hormone production

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17
Q

propylthiouracil dose what to thryoid

A

decrease thyroid hormone production and inhibit conversion of t4 to t3 in periphery

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18
Q

propylthiouracil vs methimazole effects on thyroid

A

methi- decrease thyroid hormone production

propyl- does decrease thyroid hormone production (WHAT METHI DOES PLUS PERIPHERY) and inhibit conversion of t4 to t3 in periphery

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19
Q

methimazole vs propylthiouracil for pregnancy?

A

props in pregnancy 1st trimester

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20
Q

overall methimazole vs propylthiouracil

A

methimazole

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21
Q

methimazole vs propylthiouracil for thyroid storm

A

propylthioruacil

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22
Q

methimazole vs propylthiouracil causes aplasia cutis (1st trimester pregnancy issue)

A

methimazole

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23
Q

canagliflozin is a

A
  • Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors
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24
Q

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors example

A

canaglifozin

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25
what does canagliflozin do
o Prevent glucose reabsorption in the kidneys  enhanced glucose excretion
26
adverse effects o insulin
hypoglycemia, localized fat hypertrophy, allergic rxn
27
example of alpha glucoside inhibitor
acarbose
28
acarbose is an
Alph glucosidase inhibitor
29
what does acarbose do
delay starch and disaccharide digestion to reduce postprandial glucose levels
30
if hypoglycemic when using acarbose what to treat with
glucose not sucrose (bc sucrose is a disaccharide and its digestion is delayed)
31
contraindication for acarbose
IBS, IBD (flatulence, diarrhea, ab pain
32
acarbose decreases bioavailability of what other diabetic medication
metformin
33
metformin is a
biguanide
34
biguanide example
metformin
35
what is the 1st choice for T2D
metformin
36
what does metformin do
decrease hepatic glucose production
37
side effects of metformin
N/V, diarrhea, ab discomfort, anorexia  B12 deficiency  Lactic acidosis (contraindicated if have hepatic or renal disease
38
what vitamin deficiency with metformin
b12
39
- DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4) inhibitors
sitaglitptin
40
sitagliptin is a
- DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4) inhibitors
41
what do DPP4 do
inhibit enzyme that degrade GLP 1 (acts indirectly as incretic mimetic)
42
what does sitagliptin do
inhibit enzyme that degrade GLP 1 (acts indirectly as incretic mimetic)
43
adverse effects of semaglutide and liraglutide? contraindication?
GI, pancreatitis, heart, renal, contraindicated in pregnancy
44
how do semaglutide and liraglutide work
o Direct incretin mimetics by acting on GLP-1 receptors o Increase insulin secretion, suppress postprandial glucose secretion, slow gastric emptying, increase satiety
45
what diabetes and obesity drug can prevent CVD events
semaglutide and liraglutide
46
glyburide is a
sulfonyleureas
47
sulfonylurea example
glyburide
48
what does glyburide (sulfonylurea) do
o Insulin secretagogue  stimulate basal and meal insulin release
49
when to use glyburide
add on therapy to metformin
50
risks of glyburide
hypoglycemia and weight gain
51
what are the 2 insulin secretagogues
glyburide and repaglinide
52
repaglinide is a
meglitinde
53
meglitinide example
repaglinide
54
55
difference between repaglinide and glyburide
both are insulin secretagogues but repalglinide is shorter
56
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors example
canagliflozin
57
cangliflozin is a
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors
58
what does canagliflozin do
o Prevent glucose reabsorption in the kidneys  enhanced glucose excretion need good kidney function
59
what can canagliflozin reduce
CVD and BP
60
risks of canagliflozin (works on the kidneys)
hyperkalemia, genitourinary infections, hypotension, DKA
61
what is the most dangerous diabetes medicine and you need patient consent each time you prescribe
- Thiazolidinediones - pioglitazone
62
pioglitazone side effects
o Weight gain, edema, fractures, heart failure  Need to get consent from patients each time prescribed
63
pioglitazone is a
- Thiazolidinediones
64
- Thiazolidinediones example
pioglitazone
65
what receptor does pioglitazone work on
o Agonist at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) receptors in adipose tissue
66
how does pioglitazone work
o Agonist at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) receptors in adipose tissue o Upregulated GLUT4 transporters and lipoprotein lipase o Enhance glucose reabsorption and hydrolysis of circulation triglycerides o Increase peripheral glucose uptake o Enhanced fat cell sensitivity to insulin o Decease hepatic glucose output

NMT200 midterm (wk1-6) (22 decks)

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