Questions - Genomics Flashcards
All viruses contain either DNA or RNA as the genetic material, what is the exception?
Cytomegalovirus, traditionally a double stranded DNA virus but has also RNA strands
All viruses are haploid, what is the exception?
retroviruses (diploid)
DNA virus proteins enter the nucleus to replicate, what is the exception?
POX Virus
RNA viruses proteins remain in the cytoplasm to replicate, what is the exception?
Retroviruses
What is the genetic mechanism that could create an antigenic shift in influenza virus?
Reassortment (a mixing and matching of segments)
Do RNA viruses accumulate more mutations than DNA viruses?
Yes. Why? No proofreading
In replication there are 2 kinds of RNA polymerases: RNA dependent RNA polymerase and RNA dependent DNA Polymerase. What is another name for RNA dependent DNA polymerase?
Reverse transcriptase.
Which type of virus hits the ground running?
Plus stranded RNA
Which is the only DNA virus that has single stranded DNA?
Parvovirus B19
What genomic material do herpes viruses have?
Double stranded DNA
Exception to the rule of plus single stranded RNA virus is going to be directly made into mRNA?
HIV. There are two copies of the plus single stranded RNA (Diploid)
Segmented genomes can engage in what type of genetic interaction?
Reassortment
What genetic mechanisms can segmented viruses engage in that gives them a big jump in genetic composition?
Reassortment
Which influenza virus shows antigenic shift (major genetic composition changes)?
Influenza A (because it affects many animal species)
What is another name for recombination?
Copy choice
Which types of viruses does recombination take place in?
RNA viruses only
What are the 6 steps in the life cycle of an animal virus?
Adsorption Penetration Uncoating Synthesis Assembly Release from the host cell
What is tropism?
The affinity of a virus for a particular cell type (i.e. tropism for hepatocytes)
Which is the smallest human DNA virus?
Parvovirus B-19
Which is the only single stranded Arbovirus?
La Crosse Encephalitis (also only segmented one)
Which virus shows antigenic shift (reassortment) and antigenic drift (regular, seasonal epidemics)?
Influenza Virus (shift only in Influenza A)
Which viruses have a segmented genome?
LA-LA CO INFected HANa and ROTA
La Crosse Lassa Fever Coltivirus Influenza Hantavirus Rotavirus
