Questions 49-58 p3

Question 1

What are the hormones produced by the thyroid gland?

Answer 1

1. T3 (triiodothyronin)
2. T4 (thyroxine)
3. Calcitonin (activates Vitamin D, inhibits bone resorption)

Question 2

What gland makes TRH?

Answer 2

Thyroid Regulating Hormone
secreted by the hypothalamus
stimulates Anterior Pituitary

Question 3

What gland makes TSH?

Answer 3

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
secreted by Anterior Pituitary
stimulates Thyroid

Question 4

What kind of control loop does Thyroid Hormones work under?

Answer 4

Negative Feedback Loop - once blood levels are high enough, loop is turned off

Question 5

What must you have to turn off the loop?

Answer 5

Adequate T3 and T4 hormone in plasma

Question 6

What thyroid hormone specifically turns off TRH?

Answer 6

T4

Question 7

What does T3 turn off?

Answer 7

TSH

Question 8

What is thyroid gland responsible for?

Answer 8

Hormones that control growth and repair of all tissues

Question 9

What does the thyroid gland influence?

Answer 9

Activity of all Peripheral tissues

Question 10

What proceses are T3 and T4 hormones concerned with?

Answer 10

DIST

1. Decrease in serum cholesterol
2. Increase in glucose and free fatty acids
3. stimulate protein synthesis
4. tissue growth & repair - mainly muscle & nerve

Question 11

What hormone DIRECTLY controls release of T3 and T4?

Answer 11

TSH - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone from the Anterior Pituitary

Question 12

What happens in hypothyroidism?

Answer 12

Negative Feedback loop never gets turned off and thryoid tissue grows to try and compensate to make more thyroid hormones

Question 13

What is a goiter?

Answer 13

the growth compensation of the thyroid gland in adults from hypothyroidism

Question 14

What are the 3 primary differences between T3 and T4?

Answer 14

POD

1. Potency
2. Onset of Action
3. Duration of Action

Question 15

Which hormone has faster onset and greater potency?

Answer 15

T3

Question 16

Why does T3 have faster onset and greater potency?

Answer 16

T4 has lag time and gets bound more by plasma proteins, so not as effective BUT has greater duration of action

Question 17

How are serum calcium levels regulated?

Answer 17

By the:
Thyroid gland (calcitonin)
Parathyroid gland (PTH)

Question 18

What stimulates secretion of PTH and where is it secreted?

Answer 18

Hypocalcemia (low Ca blood levels)

PTH from parathyroid

Question 19

What stimulates secretion of calcitonin and where is it secreted from?

Answer 19

Hypercalcemia (high Ca blood levels)

Calcitonin from thyroid gland

Question 20

What can we call the relationship between PTH and Calcitonin?

Answer 20

Mutual Antagonist (do the opposite jobs of each other)

Question 21

What are the 2 Bisphosphonate drugs to know?

Answer 21

1. Alendronate/Fosamax

2. Risedronate/Actonel

Question 22

What is the MOA of bisphosphonates?

Answer 22

MOA =

1. inhibit normal and abnormal bone resorption
2. decrease osteoclast activity
3. can increase bone formation

Question 23

What is key to know when taking bisphosphonates?

Answer 23

NOT well absorbed by GI - so don’t take with anything that makes stomach more acidic - like OJ

Question 24

What are the SE of bisphosphonates?

Answer 24

Top 2 Bottom (4)

1. Headache
2. Dry Mouth
3. Musculoskeletal Pain
4. Flatulence