Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio58 Final > Questions 23 thru 34 p2 > Flashcards

Questions 23 thru 34 p2 Flashcards

1
Q

What agents stimulate the parietal cell to produce acid?

A
  1. Histamine 2 (Autocoid/H2 Receptors)
  2. Gastrin (Gastrin Receptor)
  3. Acetylcholine/ACH (Cholinergic/Muscarinic Receptor)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does PUD stand for?

A

Peptic Ulcer Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 2 categories of ulcers?

A
  1. Gastric Ulcers

2. Duodenal Ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where are gastric ulcers located?

A

Upper Stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 2 notable things about gastric ulcers?

A
  1. Eating food irritates them

2. Typically NSAID induced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are duodenal ulcers located?

A

Lower Stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is notable about duodenal ulcers?

A

Eating Food RELIEVES pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the goals of ulcer treatment?

A
  1. reduce acid and pepsin to allow mucosal lining to heal
  2. short term 4-8 weeks treatment
  3. maintenance therapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 5 factors that contribute to ulcers?

A

SASHE

  1. Smoking
  2. Alcohol
  3. Spicy Food
  4. H.Pylori
  5. Emotional Stress
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the categories of drugs used to treat GERD and PUD

A

SHPPGAA

  1. Sucralfate
  2. H2 Blocker
  3. Prostaglandins
  4. PPI’s
  5. Gastric Stimulants
  6. Anti-cholinergics/Anti-spasmodics
  7. Antacids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the MOA for sucralfate?

A

MOA = enhance mucosal defenses by acting like a “band-aid”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is sucralfate NOT?

A
  1. NOT anti-secretory

2. NOT antacid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What formulas does sucralfate come in?

A
  1. Tablet

2. Suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What drugs should you know for H2 Blockers?

A
  1. Rantidine
  2. Famotidine
  3. Cimetidine SE = gynecomastea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the MOA for H2 Blockers?

A

MOA = Block H2 Receptor and prevent Histamine 2 from stimulating parietal cell to secrete acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the MOA for prostaglandins?

A

MOA = increase the synthesis of mucus

not much used anymore

17
Q

What are the PPI drugs to know?

A
  1. Omeprazole/Prilosec
  2. Lansoprazole/Prevacid
  3. Esomeprazole/Nexium
18
Q

What is the MOA for PPI’s?

A

MOA = directly inhibit the exchange of H+ for K+ which inhibits the production of HCL

19
Q

What are the drugs to know for Gastric Stimulants?

A
  1. Metoclopramide

2. Cispride

20
Q

What is the MOA of Gastric Stimulants?

A

MOA =

  1. induce contractions in upper GI to move food down
  2. contract lower esophogeal spinchter to prevent reflux
21
Q

What are the drugs to know for anti-cholinergics used to treat ulcers?

A
  1. Atropine (belladonna alkaloid)

2. Glycopyrrolate (synthetic anticholinergic)

22
Q

What is the MOA for anit-cholinergics for ulcers?

A

MOA =

  1. block cholinergic/muscarinic receptors from ACH which = decreased HCL secretion
  2. block autonomic ganglia = decreased motility
23
Q

What are the drugs to know for anti-spasmotic?

A

Dicyclomine

24
Q

What is the MOA of anti-spasmotic?

A

MOA = relaxes intestinal smooth muscle via nonspecific pathways, decreasing motility

25
Q

What does an anti-spasmotic NOT DO?

A

exert anti-cholinergic activity

26
Q

What are the drugs to know for antacids?

A
  1. Maalox
  2. Riopan
  3. Tums
27
Q

What is the main ingredient in antacids?

A

Calcium Carbonate

28
Q

What is the MOA for antacids?

A

MOA = neutralize acid by reacting with HCL to form water and salt, decreasing HCL and therefor pH of stomach

29
Q

What are the CI for use of antacid?

A
  1. Heartburn
  2. Acid Reflux
  3. GERD
  4. PUD
30
Q

Name the drugs that can treat simple diarrhea.

A
  1. Adsorbent - Bismuth Salicylate
  2. Anticholinergics - Atropine (Belladonna Alkaloid)
  3. Narcotic Derivative - Loperamide/Imodium AD
  4. Opiate - Opium Tincture
31
Q

Which forms a complex and carries away the irritant in feces?

A

Adsorbent - Bismuth Salicylate

32
Q

What do you do to the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system to treat diarrhea?

A
  1. Sympathetic Nervous System = stimulate = decrease in GI motility
  2. Parasympathetic Nervous System = inhibit = decrease in GI motility
    Anti-cholinergic, Narcotic Derivative, Opiate
33
Q

What are the categories and drug names to treat constipation?

A
  1. Laxatives (Stimulant Laxative, Osmotic/Saline Enema)

2. Cathartics (Swelling Agents, Softener, Emollients)

34
Q

What is drug to know for stimulant laxative?

A

Bisacodyl/Dulcolax

35
Q

What is the MOA of a stimulant laxative?

A

directly irritates the mucosal lining initiating the parasympathetic nervous system

36
Q

Who should NOT use stimulant laxatives?

A

Pregnant Women

Ulcerative Colitis?? Crohns?

37
Q

What category does Fleet Enema belong to?

A

Stimulant Laxative (Osmotic/Saline Enema)

38
Q

What category does Fibercon belong to?

A

Swelling Agent (Fiber)

39
Q

What category does Docusate Sodium/Colace belong to?

A

Stool Softener

Bio58 Final (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions