Questions 16 thru 22 p2

Question 1

What does COPD stand for?

Answer 1

Chronic Pulmonary Obstructive Disease

Question 2

If you are diagonsed with COPD, what must you have 1 or more of?

Answer 2

1. Asthma
2. Chronic Bronchitis
3. Emphysema

Question 3

What is a common cause of COPD?

Answer 3

smoking

Question 4

What are the 3 typical signs of COPD?

Answer 4

1. Persistent Cough
2. Dyspnea on exertion
3. Wheezing

Question 5

Is there a cure for COPD?

Answer 5

NO

Question 6

What is emphysema?

Answer 6

A disease of the aveolar sacs where the sacs have lost their elasticity thru fibrin changes and it is harder to expel air (get rid of CO2)

Question 7

What is a typical sign of emphysema?

Answer 7

SOB - cannot expel air

Question 8

Is there a cure for emphysema?

Answer 8

NO

Question 9

What MAIN nervous system controls respiration?

Answer 9

ANS - Autonomic Nervous System

Question 10

What 2 branches of the ANS are involved with respiration?

Answer 10

SNS - Sympathetic Nervous System

PNS - Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 11

What happens when the sympathetic is stimulated?

Answer 11

bronchodilation

Question 12

What is activated in the sympathetic to cause bronchodilation?

Answer 12

cAMP - cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Question 13

What happens when the parasympathetic is stimulated?

Answer 13

bronchoconstriction

Question 14

What is activated in the parasympathetic to cause bronchoconstriction?

Answer 14

cGMP - cyclic guanosine monophosphate

Question 15

What is cAMP and cGMP?

Answer 15

A nucleotide

Question 16

What else does stimulation of parasympathetic and cGMP cause?

Answer 16

1. bronchoconstriction
2. secretion of mucus
3. increased release of mediators from mast

Question 17

What is asthma?

Answer 17

An inflammatory disease of the bronchus and bronchioles

Question 18

What 2 things are characteristic of asthma?

Answer 18

1. SOB

2. Wheezing

Question 19

What are 3 common causes of asthma?

Answer 19

1. Bronchoconstriction
2. Respiratory Irritants - SPAMD
   Smoke, Pollen, Animal Dander, Mold, Dust
3. Excercise Induced

Question 20

What 2 categories of drugs are used to treat asthma?

Answer 20

Bronchodilators
1. Selective Beta 2 Agonists
Albuterol/ProAir and Salmeterol
2. Anti-cholinergics (less so)
Ipratropium Bromide

Question 21

List the 7 categories of drugs used for treatment of respiratory diseases

Answer 21

SAMEBAT

1. Steroids
2. Anti-Allergics
3. Mucolytics
4. Expectorants
5. Beta-Agonist
6. Anti-cholinergics
7. Theophylline

Question 22

What is another name for steroids?

Answer 22

Corticosteroids

Question 23

what is the drug to know?

Answer 23

Prednisone/Sterapred

Question 24

What is the MOA of steroids?

Answer 24

MOA = inhibits the inflammatory response in the respiratory system

Question 25

What are the CI for use of steroids?

Answer 25

1. acute inflammation | 2. allergic condition

Question 26

What are the SE/AE of steroids

Answer 26

1. Fluid Retention 2. Metabolic Disturbances 3. Increased susceptibility to infection

Question 27

What is the drug to know for Anti-Allergics?

Answer 27

Cromolyn Sodium

Question 28

What is the MOA for Cromolyn Sodium?

Answer 28

Interferes with antigen/antibody reaction to release mediators from mast cells

Question 29

What are the CI for Cromolyn Sodium?

Answer 29

RUG 1. Rhinitis 2. Uticaria 3. Giant Papillary Conjuctivitis

Question 30

What are the routes of administration for Cromolyn Sodium?

Answer 30

IOE 1. Inhalation 2. Oral 3. Eye Drops

Question 31

What are the SE of Cromolyn Sodium?

Answer 31

FINNDH 1. Foul taste 2. Irritation/Burning 3. Nasal Stinging/Itching 4. N/V/D 5. Drowsiness 6. Headache

Question 32

What is the drug to know for mucolytics?

Answer 32

Acetylcysteine

Question 33

What is the MOA for acetylcysteine/mucolytics?

Answer 33

contains a sulfahydral group which allows for the breakdown of glycoproteins in mucus, thereby liquefying them

Question 34

What is a SE of acetylcysteine?

Answer 34

bronchospams | **caution with asthmatic patients**

Question 35

What is a special use of acetylcysteine?

Answer 35

overdose on APAP - sulfahydral group binds to APAP preventing liver metabolizing and excretes in feces

Question 36

What is the drug to know for expectorant?

Answer 36

Guaifenisen

Question 37

What are the CI for guaifenisen?

Answer 37

dry, irritating cough

Question 38

What is the MOA of guaifenisen?

Answer 38

stimulate production of respiratory mucus

Question 39

What is a SE of guaifenisen?

Answer 39

N/V - irritation of GI lining

Question 40

What MUST you drink with guaifenisen to make it most effect?

Answer 40

H2O - water

Question 41

What 2 categories of respiratory drugs cause bronchodilation?

Answer 41

1. Beta-Agonist (MOA = stimulate sympathetic, creation of cAMP) Albuterol/ProAir, Salmeterol 2. Anti-cholinergics (MOA = inhibit parasympathetic, inhibit creation of cGMP) Ipratropium Bromide

Question 42

IN what do we find the drug theophylline?

Answer 42

Tea, Coffee and Cocoa

Question 43

What is the MOA of theophylline?

Answer 43

inhibits the intracellular phosphodiesterase thereby continually stimulating the sympathetic nervous system with cAMP causing bronchodilation

Question 44

What is phosphodiesterase?

Answer 44

an intracellular enzyme that breaks down cAMP

Question 45

What are the 3 SE of theophylline?

Answer 45

HFH 1. Headache 2. Flushing 3. Heart palpitations