Questions Flashcards
Which three medications can cause aplastic anaemi
carbamazepinne
carbimazole
chloramphenicol
what causes Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism occur with chronic renal failure and chronic secondary hyperparathyroidism > hyperplasia of parathyroid glands > autonomous
PTH secretion.
What are electrolytes in Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
High calcium, high PTH, normal / low phosphate.
Serum alkaline phosphatase is raised due to the osteoblast and osteoclast activity
how do you treeat tertiary hyperparathyroidism
subtotal
parathyroidectomy
How many half lives do drugs take to reach a steady state?
betweeen 4 and 5
Which kind of troponin is the bettwe marker
Troponin T is better than troponin I
What does metformin overdose cause
lactic acidosis - by inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis > kidneys cannot handle excess lalctic acid
what is band keratopathy a sign of
chronic hypercalcaemia
- this is calcium deposition in front of the eye
when is aggressive therapy for hyponatraemi contraindicated
d if the duration of hyponatraemia is more than 48 hours, because the risk of osmotic demyelination syndrome is high when sodium is too rapidly corrected in such cases.
what is a contraindication for biphosphonates
CKD
list the biochemical features of dehydration
- Disproportionate increase in urea compared to creatinine
- Albumin
- Haematocrit
- Sodium
How do you manage tertiary hyperparathyroidism?
REMOVE the thyroid glands
What ECG change do you see in HYPOkalaemia
U waves
prolonged QT
Why is tertiary parathyroidism usually associated with HIGH serum phosphate
because tertiary hyperparathyroidism occurs with. CKD > the kidney is unable to excrete phosphate > high serum phoshate
what is the effect of insulin on potassium?
Insulin drives potassium into cells > drives hypokalaemia
