Question bank Flashcards
Components of clincal goverance
openess
clinical audit
research and development
education and training
risk managment
clincial effectiveness
Steps in audit
identify prob or issue
set criteria and standrards
observe current practice
compare performance with standards
identifyy changes and implement
reviw audic, set recall intervals
Topicals for cpd
radiation protection and radiation
decon
medical emergency
complaints handling
legal and ethical
Veriable CPD
100 (10 eery 2years)
3 dimensions of NHS scotland
GDP
PDS
Hospital setting
6 dimensions of healthcare
Timely
Effective
Equitable
Efficient
Person centred
Safe
Clincial Goverance
a sysyemic approach to mainintaing and approving the quality of patient care in the healthcare system
Suspect non accidental injury
the story does not add up
delay in seeking tx
behaviour between child and mother
other injuries elese where unusal
Effect of trauma on primary teeth
delayed exfoliation
infection and pain
discolouration
Effect of trauma on permanenet teeth
ectopic eruption
enamel defects - hypominerialisation, hyperplasia
delayed eruption
crown/ root damage
ankylosis
conditions causing hypodontia
down syndrome
ectodermal dysplasia
cleft lip and palate
What does flurosis look like
yellow/brown discoluration
chalky appearance/ mottled appearance
Tx for fluorisis
microabrasion
bleaching
porcelain venners
composite
How does flurosis works
it slows down demineralisation preventing the developemnt of carious lesions
it promotres remineralisation by making enamel more resistant to acid attacks
stops bacterial metabolism (caries inhibiting)
Causes of desquamtive ging
pemphigoid
pemphigus
lichen planus
Local casues of desquamtive gin
SLS
plq
tx for desquamative ging
OHI and good plq control
difflam (anti inf) - bezydamine mw
tacrolimus ointment
metamethasone mw
Acheive haemostasis
apply pressure with damp gauze
sutures
diathermy
surgicel
La with vasoconstirctor
Risk factors for bleeding
anticogulants
liver diseses
bleeding disorder
alcoohlism
Maxiallary tuberosity fracture symptoms
tear in palate
nose
visual mobility
Maxillary tuberosity tx
dissect out and close wound
reducing and staiblising
OAC symptoms
blunt probe
bubbling of socket
change in sound, echo
direct vision
OAC tx
small = encourage clot to form, suture margins
Large - close by buccal advacnement flap, suture, nose blowing insructions
Root in anturm symptoms
Radiographically confirm
Root in antrum tx
Rasie flap
irrigate
cureete
suction
retirieve roots - endoscopically, Caldwell luc approach
Suture back down the flap
Causes of denture stomamtis
poor oh and denture hyg
keeping denture in at night
smoker
poor diet
ill fitting dentures
immunosuppressed
Bacteria causing denture stomatitis
candia albicans
candida glabrata
candia tropcalis
Topical tx for denture stomatitis
miconazole or nystatin
Initial tx
Provide oh insturctions and denture hyg
diet
smoking advice
RPI
mesial occlusal rest
distal proxmial plate
i bar clasp
How does RPI work
the denture moves towrds the mucosa when under occlsual load, the denture bearing area presses into mucosa and rotates aroudnd the mesial rest
Both the distal proximal plate and I bar clasp disengage from abutment tooth and prevents torque
Tx for vertical bony defect
surgical regernation - GTR, bone graft
Pocket climnation with osseous regernation
RSD
Elimination - tunnelling, hemisection, XLA
Mechanism of vetical bony defect
apical enf of the pocket is beleow the alveolar crest and located in intradental bone
casued by localsied - calc, subging plq, overhanging rests, occlusion
accumulation of plq bacteria ininates an inflammatory respones which can enter the underlying connnective tissue and bone casuing bone resoprtion
1 wall, 2 wall, 3 wall
What to look for for implant assessing
medical hx implications - immunosuppressed, cardiac defect, bisphosphonates
smoker
perio health and oral hyg
bone quality and quantity
smile line
progonosis of other teeth
Trauama stamp
percussion note
mobility
sinus
colour
displacement
PA
Shillings test
for vit b12 defiecincy
For pygoenic granuoloma what is a common diagnosis
perpiheral giant cell granuoloma
What candidosis is high malginancy rate
chronic hyperplasitc candidiosis
Peak age of eryhtema multiforme
20-30 years
Mumps
bilateral painful parotid swelling
Is pempigus pre cancerous
no
What can temporal arteries lead to?
Blindness
What disease is koplik’s spots found
measles (buccal mucosa and small white spots with red ring)
Bullous pemphigoid vs mucous meberane
Bullous = just skin lesions
Mucous memebrane = ulcers, red ging and conjunctivitis
Herpangia
Coxsackie A infection
Kapsi’s Sarcoma
rare cancer - HHV 8
small, painlish purplish discououred patterns on skin and mouth
Herpangina
coxsackie virus - small blisters or ulcers
roof of mouth/throat
young children
fever and headache
Hand, foot and mouth
cosackie virus
viral infection that lasts 7-10days
contagious - spots/ bumps
Site of action for metronidazole
inhibits nucelic acid synthesis
Site of action of amoxicillin
cell wall synthesis
What type of biopsy for non healing ulcers > 3weeks that are poteintal SCC
incisional biopsy
reasons for failed post and core
root fracture
crown fracture
caries
perio
resorption
perforation
Fracture of post and core at the junction
inadequate ferrule
trauma - bruxist
tooth strucutre loss
bacterial interaction
Naggar core
amlagam or composite
used in posterior teeth
pulp chamber small and loss of marginal ridge
core extended down root canal tooth by removing 2-3mm
Removing post
ultrasonic tip eggler forceps
mosquito forceps
Manage perio abscess
sub ging insutrmentation just short of base of pocket to prevent itrogenic damage
drain abscess through incision or perio pocket
0.2% chx mouthwash
antio biotics if spread - pen V 250mg or amxoi 500mg
XLA poor progonosis teeth
carry out HPT at follow up
Causes of erosion
Bullumia
GORD
Xerostomia
Acidic fruits/carbonated drinks
Meds
Habits - grinding
Ashtma inhaler
Management of erosion
take full dental, medical and social hx
Diet anaylsis
High strength toothpaste 2800ppm
Durphat varnish
OHI and diet advice
Desenstising agents if sens
Features of try in stage of proths
shade
mould
speech
aesthetics
stability
retention
Free way space
Principles of caries removal
identify carious lesion and remove enamel
Remove enamel to establish extent of caries at ACJ and smooth margins
Remove peripheral caries in dentine from ADJ and circumerferntially deeper
Remove deep caries over pulp area
Outline form modification
Intrnal design modification
signs and symptoms of TMD
Trismus
Clicking/popping
Crepitus
Tender MOM
Headaches
Earachees
JAw pain
linea alba
tongue scappoling
attrition
Muscles to palpate for TMD
masster and temporalis
Management of TMD
soft diet
remove stresses
physio
Tens
Soft splint
Support jaw when yawning
chew food in small pieces
avoid chewing gum
4 components of SIRS
temp <36 or >38
HR >90/min
resp >20 breaths
WBC <4 x10^9 or >12x10^9
signs of inflammation
size
site
heat
temp
swelling
colour
texture
Zygomatic fracture signs and symptoms
visual disturbance
numbness
dystopia
diplopia
subconjuctional haemorraghe
asymmerty
Radiophraph for zygomatic fracture
submentovertiex radiopgraph
Managemetn of zygomatic fractutre
Do nothing
Closed reduction
Open reduction and internal fixation
White plq that scraps off leaving read area
pseudomembranous candidosis
Medical conditions that cause pseudomembranous candidodsis
Diabetes
HIV
Immunocompromsied
Fluconzale interactions
warfarin - increases bleeding risk
Midazolam - incseased sedation
Simvasatin - leads to death of muscle fibres (rhabdomyolosis)
HPV for oral cancer
16 and 18
Ludwig’s angina
spreading in the submandibular region
airway mangement required, IV antibiotics and surgical drainage
Tx for ameloblastoma
surgical resection
fractured mandible
OPT and PA
% of permanenet damage to lingual nerve
0.5%
Unknown white patch biopsy required
incisonal biopsy
What age can you supply 50000ppm toothpaste
age 16years and over
Tx for primary herpes infection
paracetamol
acylovir if significant infection or immunocompromised
Malocclusion for cleft lip and palate
Class III
Low birth weight associated with
hypodontia
Intrusion trauma injury
likely to damage the permanent successor
Red complex organisms in perio
P. gingivalis, T.forsythia, T.denticola
