Quarterly Review 11.15.15

Question 1

As a politicain, Andrew Johnson developed a reputation as

Answer 1

a champion of poor whites

Question 2

The fate of the defeated Confederate leaders was that

Answer 2

after brief jail terms, all were pardoned in 1868

Question 3

For blacks, emancipation meant all of the following EXCEPT

a. the ability to search for lost family.
b. the right to get married.
c. the opportunity to form their own churches.
d. that large numbers would move north.

Answer 3

d. that large numbers would move north.

Question 4

The greatest achievements of the Freedman’s Bureau were in

Answer 4

education

Question 5

The controversy surrounding the Wade-Davis Bill and the readmission of the Confederate states to the Union demonstrated

Answer 5

the deep differences between President Lincoln and Congress

Question 6

In his 10 percent plan for Reconstruction, President Lincoln promised

Answer 6

rapid readmission of Southern states into the Union

Question 7

That the Southern states were “conquered provinces” that had completely left the Union and were therefore at the mercy of Congress for readmission was the view of

Answer 7

congressional Republicans

Question 8

The main purpose of the Black Codes was to

Answer 8

ensure a stable and subservient labor supply

Question 9

The incident that caused the clash between Congress and President Johnson to explode into the open was

Answer 9

Johnson’s veto of the bill to extend the Freedman’s Bureau

Question 10

Radical congressional Reconstruction in the South finally ended when

Answer 10

the last federal troops were removed in 1877

Question 11

In 1867 Secretary of State Seward achieved the Johnson administration’s greatest success in foreign relations when he

Answer 11

purchased Alaska from Russia

Question 12

The “Billion-Dollar Congress” quickly disposed of rising government surpluses by

Answer 12

expanding pensions for Civil War veterans

Question 13

The major campaign issue of the 1888 presidential election was

Answer 13

tariff policy

Question 14

The early Populist cmpaign to create a coalition of white and black farmers ended in

Answer 14

a racist backlash that eliminated black voting in the South

Question 15

At the conclusion of the Civil War, General Ulysses S. Grant

Answer 15

accepted gifts of houses and money from citizens

Question 16

The greatest political beneficiary of the backlash against President Cleveland in the Congressional elections of 1894 were

Answer 16

the Republicans

Question 17

As a result of the Civil War the moral stature of the Republic

Answer 17

waste, extravagance, speculation, and graft

Question 18

Match each politician below with the Republican political faction with which he was associated.

A. Roscoe Conkling 1. “Half Breeds”
B. James Blaine 2. Stalwarts
C. Horace Greeley 3. Regular Republicans
D. Ulysses S. Grant 4. Liberal Republicans

Answer 18

A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3

Question 19

As a solution to the panic or depression of 1873, debtors suggested

Answer 19

inflationary policies

Question 20

The presidential elections of the 1870s and 1880s

Answer 20

aroused great interest among voters

Question 21

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in

Answer 21

the withdrawal of federal troops from the South

Question 22

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 22

The Supreme Court case that stated “separate but equal” was legal

Question 23

President James A. Garfield was assassinated

Answer 23

by a deranged, disappointed office seeker

Question 24

When he was president, Grover Cleveland’s hands-of approach to government gained the support of

Answer 24

business people

Question 25

The only transcontinental railroad built without government aid was the

Answer 25

Great Northern

Question 26

What term describes agreements between railroad corporations to divide business ans share profits?

Answer 26

pools

Question 27

Early railroad owners formed “pools” in order to

Answer 27

avoid competition by dividing business in a particular area

Question 28

When private railroad promoters asked the United States government for subsidies to build their railroads, they gave all of the following reasons for their request EXCEPT that it was

a. the railroads would repay the subsidies by paying higher taxes
b. too costly without government help.
c. private investors would not accept initial financial losses.
d. too risky without government help.

Answer 28

a. the railroads would repay the subsidies by paying higher taxes

Question 29

America’s first billion-dollar corportation was

Answer 29

United States Steel

Question 30

The steel industry owed much to the inventive genius of

Answer 30

Henry Bessemer

Question 31

John D. Rockefeller used all of the following tactics to achieve his domination of the oil industry EXCEPT

a. employing spies.
b. extorting rebates from railroads.
c. using high-pressure sales methods
d. using federal agents to break his competitors.

Answer 31

c. using high-pressure sales methods

Question 32

In the late nineteenth century, tax benefits and cheap, nonunion labor especially attracted ___________________ manufacturing to the “new South.”

Answer 32

textile

Question 33

Many Southerners saw employment at the textile mills as

Answer 33

the only steady jobs and wages available

Question 34

The ___________ Amendment was especially helpful to giant corporations when defending themselves against regulation by state governments.

Answer 34

Fourteenth

Question 35

The people who founf fault with the “captains of industry” mostly argues that these men

Answer 35

built their corporate wealth and power by exploiting workers

Question 36

The Knights of Labor believed that conflict between capital and labor would disappear when

Answer 36

labor would own and operate business and industries

Question 37

All of the following were important factors in post-Civil War industrial expansion EXCEPT

a. American ingenuity and inventiveness.
b. immigration restrictions.
c. an abundance of natural resources.
d. a large pool of unskilled labor.

Answer 37

b. immigration restrictions.

Question 38

Labor unions favored immigration restriction because most immigrants were all of the following EXCEPT

a. willing to work for lower wages.
b. opposed to factory labor.
c. used as strikebreakers.
d. difficult to unionize.

Answer 38

b. opposed to factory labor

Question 39

The American Protective Association

Answer 39

supported immigration restrictions

Question 40

The “Bird of Passage” was an immigrant who

Answer 40

came to America to work for a short time and then returned to Europe

Question 41

As a leader of the African American community, Booker T. Washington

Answer 41

promoted black self-help but did not challenge segregation

Question 42

Americans offered growing support for a free public education system

Answer 42

because they expected the idea that a free government cannot function without educated citizens

Question 43

One of the most important factors leading to an increased divorce rate in the late nineteenth century was the

Answer 43

stresses of urban life

Question 44

Henry George believed that the root of social inequality and social injustice lay in

Answer 44

landowners who gained unearned wealth from rising land values

Question 45

General Lewis Wallace’s book Ben Hur defended Christianity against

Answer 45

Darwinism

Question 46

In the decades after the Civil War, changes in sexual attitudes and practices were reflected in all of the following EXCEPT

a. soaring divorce rates.
b. increasingly frank discussions.
c. more children being born out of wedlock.
d. the spreading practice of birth control.

Answer 46

c. more children being born out of wedlock

Question 47

In the course of the late nineteenth century family size

Answer 47

gradually declined

Question 48

Most Italian immigrants to the United States between 1880 and 1920 came to escape

Answer 48

the poverty and backwardness of southern Italy

Question 49

What was the subject of the 18th Amendment?

Answer 49

prohibited the manufacture, sale, transport, import, or export of alcoholic beverages