Chapter 26 Test 11.11.15 Flashcards
The Plains Indians were finally forced to surrender
by the coming of the railroads and the virtual extermination of the buffalo
The mining frontier played a vital role in
attracting the first substantial white population to the West
In the long run, the group that probably did the most to shape the modern West was the
hydraulic engineers
A major problem faced by settlers on the Great Plains in the 1870’s was
the scarcity of water
The enormous mineral wealth taken from the mining frontier of the West
helped to finance the Civil War
The wild frontier towns where the three major cattle trails from Texas ended were
Abilene, Kansas; Ogalalla, Nebraska; and Cheyenne, Wyoming
The Homestead Act
was a drastic departure from previous government public land policy designed to raise revenue
One problem with the Homestead Act was that
160 acres were inadequate for productive farming on the rain-scarce Great Plains
“Sooners” were settlers who “jumped the gun” in order to
claim land in Oklahoma
The Nex Perce Indians of Idaho were goaded into war when
the federal government attempted to put them on a reservation$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
The buffalo were nearly exterminated
through wholesale butchery by whites
To assimilate Indians into American society, the Dawes Act did all of the following EXCEPT
outlaw the scared Sun Dance
Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) Dawes Severalty Act is passed; (B) Oklahoma land rush takes place; (C) Indians are granted full citizenship; (D) Congress restores the tribal basis of Indian life
A, B, C, D
The bitter conflict between whites and Indians intensified
as the mining frontier expanded
In the post Civil War America, Indians only surrendered their land when they
received solemn promises from the government that they would be left alone and provided with supplies on the remaining land
The nineteenth century humanitarians who advocated “kind” treatment of the Indians
had no more respect for traditional Indian culture than those who sought to exterminate them
The indians battled whites for the all the following reasons EXCEPT to
rescue their families who had been exiled to Oklahoma
Match each Indian chief below with his tribe.
A. Chief Joseph 1. Apache
B. Sitting Bull 2. Cheyenne
C. Geronimo 3. Nez Perce
4. Sioux
A-3, B-4, C-1
The Homestead Act assumed that public land should be administered in such a way as to
promote frontier settlement
Among the following, the LEAST likely to migrate to the cattle farming frontier were
eastern city dwellers
A Century of Dishonor (1881), which chronicled the dismal history of Indian-White relations, was authored by
Helen Hunt Jackson
As a result of the complete defeat of Captain William Fetterman’s command in 1866
the government abandoned the Bozeman Trail and guaranteed the Sioux their lands
The United States government’s outlawing of the Indian Sun (Ghost) Dance in 1890 resulted in the
Battle of Wounded Knee
The Dawes Severalty Act was designed to promote Indian
assimilation
In the warfare that raged between the Indians and the American military after the Civil War
there was often great cruelty and massacres on both sides
The first major farmers’ organization was the
Patrons of Husbandry
Farmers were slow to organize and promote their interest because they
were not well educated
The area of the country in which the federal government has done the most to aid economic and social development is
the West
With agricultural production rising drastically in the post-Civil War years
tenant farming spread rapidly throughout the Midwest and South
Which of the following provides the LEAST valid support of the theory that the frontier served as a “safety valve” for American social discontent and economic conflict?
Eastern city dwellers headed west to get free homesteads during depressions
Cities like Denver and San Francisco did serve as a major “safety valve” by providing
a home for failed farmers and busted miners
The Farmers’ Alliance was especially weakened by
the exclusion of black farmers
The Populits Party’s presidential candidate in 1892 was
James B. Weaver
Late nineteenth-century farmers believed that their difficulties stemmed primarily from
the deflated currency
The root cause of the American farmers’ problem after 1880 was
overproduction of agricultural goods
Battle of Wounded Knee
Conflict over the Ghost Dance where the U.S. military killed over 200 men, women and children in 1890
The Populist Party arose as the direct successor to
the Farmers’ Alliance
The Populists
a. None of the choices are correct.This answer is correct.
b. refused to look to the federal government for assistance.
c. gained most of their electoral votes from the South.
d. received substantial support from industrial workers.
a. None of the choices are correct
The Farmers’ Alliance was formed to
take action to break the strangling grip of the railroads
In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the volume of agricultural goods ________________, and the price received for these goods___________________.
increased; decreased
In 1890, when the superintendant of the census announced that a stable frontier line was no longer discernable,
Americans were disturbed that the free land of the West was gone
The original purpose of the Grange was to
stimulate self-improvement through educational and social activities
In several states, farmers helped to pass the “Granger Laws,” which
regulated railroad rates
Which one of the following was NOT among influential Populist leaders?
Eugene V. Debs
The real “safety valve” in the late nineteenth century was
the western cities
In a bid to win labor’s support, the Populist Party
opposed injunctions against labor strikes
In the decades after the Civil War, most American farmers
grew a single cash crop
William Jennings Bryan gained the presidential nomination of the Democratic Party primarily because he
eloquently supported the farmers’ demand for the unlimited coinage of silver
Jacob Coxey and his “army” marched on Washington, D.C., to
demand that the government relieve unemployment with a public works program
Match each individual with his role in the Pullman Strike:
A. Richard Olney 1. Head of the American Railway Union that organized the strike
B. Eugene V. Debs 2. Governor of Illinois who sympathized with the striking workers
C. George Pullman 3. United States Attorney General who brought in federal troops to crush the strike
D. John P. Altgeld 4. Owner of the “palace railroad car” company and company town where the strike began
A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
The Democrtic Party nominee for president in 1896 was_______________________________; the Republicans nominated______________________________________; and the Populists endorsed_____________________________.
William Jennings Bryan; William McKinley; William Jennings Bryan
The 1896 victory of William McKinley ushered in a long period of Republican dominance that was accompanied by
diminishing voter participation in elections
The monetary inflation needed to relieve the social and economic hardships of the late nineteenth century eventually came as a result of
an increase in the international gold supply
The Pullman strike created the first instance of
government use of a federal court injunction to break a strike
President Grover Cleveland justified federal intervention in the Pullman strike of 1894 on the grounds that
the strike was preventing the transit of U.S. mail
In the election of 1896, the major issue became
free and unlimited coinage of silver
Which of the following was NOT among the qualifications that helped William McKinley earn the Republican presidential nomination in 1896?
He was an energetic and charismatic campaigner
As president, William McKinley can best be described as
cautious and conservative
Mark Hanna, the Ohio Republican president-maker, believed that the prime function of government was to
aid business
The strongest ally of Mark Hanna and the Republicans in the 1896 presidential election was
fear of the alleged radicalism of William Jennings Bryan and the free silver cause
The 1896 presidential election marked the last time that
a serious effort to win the White House would be made with mostly agrarian votes
All of the following characteristics describe William Jennings Bryan in 1896 EXCEPT
a. he was very youthful.
b. he was an energetic and charismatic campaigner.
c. he had a brilliant mind.
d. he was an excellent orator.
c. he had a brilliant mind
During the 1892 presidential election, large numbers of southern white farmers refused to desert the Democratic Party and support the Populist Party because
the history of racial division in the region made it hard to cooperate with blacks
The depression of the 1890’s and episodes like the Pullman Strike made the election of 1896 shape up as
a battle between down-and-out workers and farmers and establishment conservatives
Labor unions, Populists, and debtors saw in the brutal Pullman episode
proof of an alliance between big business, the federal government, and the courts against the working people
One key to the Republican victory in the 1896 presidential election was the
support of farmers
Which one of the following was LEAST sympathetic to workers and farmers hard-pressed by the Depression of 1893?
Richard Olney
